2. Mineral processing

Mineral processing has three principle branches, to quote Taggart, "Ore Dressing, which comprises the methods of separation of solids in inorganic crude by means which do not affect substantial chemical change; Extractive Metallurgy, which utilizes chemical reactions for separations of constituents from solids in inorganic crude; and, Fuel Technology, which employs both physical and chemical methods for separating and rearrangement of liquid gaseous and solid components in crude oil and natural gas, tar sands, shale oil, or coal."

Mineral processing is an art of treating crude ores and mineral products in order to separate the valuable minerals from the waste rock, or gangue. It is the first process that most ores undergo after mining in order to provide a more concentrated material for the procedures of extractive metallurgy.

No ore deposit consists entirely of a single ore mineral. The ore is always mixed with unwanted or valueless rocks and minerals that are collectively known as gangue. The ore and the gangue are mined together - i.e., taken out of the host rock in a mass, by either mechanical or manual means. Then the ore is separated from the gangue by various operations known collectively as mineral processing, or ore dressing. The desired metallic element is then extracted from the ore by various smelting, roasting, or leaching processes. After this, the metal may be still further refined (purified) or alloyed with other metals, as in a copper refinery or steel mill. Mining, processing, and refining are thus successive steps in the utilization of an ore deposit to yield a metal.

Task 1.Mark the sentences with t if they are true and with f if they are false

1. Mineral processing has three principle branches
2. Ore Dressing comprises the methods of separation of solids in inorganic crude by means of chemical change
3. Extractive Metallurgy utilizes chemical reactions for separations of constituents from solids in inorganic crude
4. Every ore deposit consists entirely of a single ore mineral
5. The ore and the gangue are taken out of the host rock in a mass, by either mechanical or manual means.

Task 2. Match words with the definitions

mineral processing	in a natural or raw state; not yet processed or refined
crude	extraction of a metal from its ore by a process involving heating and melting
gangue	separation of the ore from the gangue by various operations
extract	obtain (a substance or resource) from something by a special method
smelting	the commercially valueless material in which ore is found

Task 3. Match heads and tails of the sentences

Mineral processing is the first process that most ores undergo after mining in order to	separating and rearrangement of liquid gaseous and solid components.
The ore is always mixed with unwanted or valueless rocks and minerals	known collectively as mineral processing
Fuel Technology employs both physical and chemical methods for	minerals that are collectively known as gangue.
The ore is separated from the gangue by various operations	successive steps in the utilization of an ore deposit to yield a metal.
Mining, processing, and refining are	provide a more concentrated material for the procedures of extractive metallurgy.

Task 4. Fill in the gaps with proper words

No ore 1 ______consists entirely of a single ore mineral. The ore is always mixed with unwanted or valueless rocks and minerals that are collectively known as 2_______. The ore and the gangue are mined 3______- i.e., taken out of the 4_______rock in a mass, by either mechanical or manual means. Then the ore is separated from the gangue by various operations known collectively as mineral 5_________, or ore dressing.