1. Verb tenses

1.1. Present Simple Tense: V (Vs)

E.g. I do … John does …Does Mary do …? We do not do …

1.1.1. Study the list of meanings expressed with the help of Present Simple Tense and give your own examples.

1. Habits or recurrent actions	The bus usually comes on time.
2. Attitude or feeling	I refuse to believe it.
3. Rule	We use Present Simple in this case.
4. General truth or fact	Water boils at 100 degrees.
5. Permanent situation	They live in a makeshift cottage.
6. Narratives and summaries	He goes off to seek fortune.
7. TV or radio commentaries	The Queen enters the building.
8. Timetable	The train leaves as usual.
9. Condition or time clause	When the Duke arrives, all will rise.

1.1.2. Match grammar structures with their meaning.

1. A talent requires hard work.	A/ Attitude B/ Truth C/ Condition
2. He takes an apple a day	A/ Timetable B/ Fact C/ Habit
3. Finally, Cinderella finds her happiness.	A/ Recurrent action B/ Summary C/ Commentary
4. The Sun sets at 6 AM	A/ Truth B/ Timetable C/ Time clause
5. They work for the BBC	A/ Permanent situation B/ Radio comment C/ Fact
6. Where there is smoke, there is fire.	A/ Truth B/ Rule C/ Condition
7/ I hate boiled milk.	A/ Attitude B/ Habit C/ Narrative
8/ When the news arrives, you will be let to know.	A/ Summary B/ Time clause C/ Timetable
9/ Manchester United wins a landslide victory.	A/ Commentary B/ Fact C/ Recurrent action

1.1.3. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate choice. Explain the difference.

1. All the rivers … to the oceans

2. The train usually … on time

3. The scene … with a quarrel between the two gangs.

4. The refugees … on miserable wages that they can earn.

5. The plane … at 10.50 a.m.

6. The Earth … around the Sun.

7. She never … more than 750 calories a day.

8. Jackson … of the car and the police are already there.

9. You … a glass of flour and add two eggs.

1 A/ go B/ flow C/ travel D/ move

2 A/ goes B/ comes C/ arrive D/ becomes

3 A/ starts B/ open C/ begin D/ shows

4 A/ last B/ live C/ survive D/ exist

5 A/ takes up B/ goes up C/ takes off D/ flies

6 A/ revolves B/ circles C/ rounds D/ travel

7/ A/ takes B/ eats C/ consumes D/ buys

8 A/ comes out B/ leaves C/ gets off D/ moves

9 A/ put B/ sift C/ give D/ take

1.1.4. Fill the gaps in the text below. Use one word only in each case.

Our clothes can soon (1 …) as accessories for computer technology, experts say. Young people may want to (2 …) clothes as part of computer gadgets. Such clothes can become a must for those who (3 …) computers all the time. Wearing computer devices on you (4 …) your life easier. This is what fashion specialists (5 …) about wearable computers. Just as young people (use) headphones and (6 …) to the non-stop music they may want to use computer while jogging. Headsets with tiny screens attached to glasses (7 …) wearers to see a computer screen. Many still (8 …) this expensive and unnecessary and argue that a computer in a backpack (9 …) a better job. Yet, many (10 …) to wear computers and do not want others to (11 …) it. More and more computer devices (12 …) out of their plastic boxes and go into clothing. The intention is to (13 …) garments with electronic components in them and (14 …) young people to buy it.

1.1.5. GRAMMAR-GLOSS. Read the text only once about soccer in America, then mask it and write a free version of what you have read in the space provided. Focus on the use of Present Simple (you can use other tenses as well).

Most Americans show little interest in soccer. many people in the United States still have no idea how to play the game. The American public does not show much interest in this kind of sports and think that American football, baseball and basketball are more popular pastimes. Yet, the United States Soccer Federation says about eighteen-million people today play soccer in the United States. Those who play are very young. Seventy-eight percent are under the age of eighteen. some experts say it is these children who can make the sport popular in the United States. It is popular with children because almost anyone can play. There are teams for girls, boys, older children and young adults. Many Americans develop interest in soccer because their children play. There is even a new American expression "Soccer Mom". this is a mother who spends a lot of time driving her children to soccer games in the family car. The United States Soccer Federation trains children to improve their playing skills. It provides special training for young players at soccer camps during the summer. Meanwhile, soccer fans in the United States hope that young soccer players grow up to play the world's most popular sport).

1.1.6. Elicit at least five rules that participants in the game known to you usually observe. Use "always", "never", "as usual", "sometimes" etc.