6. Function of Money Markets.

Money Market is a part of financial market where instruments with high liquidity and very short term maturity are traded. The money market is a subsection of the fixed income market. A well-developed money market is essential for a modern economy. Though, historically, money market has developed as a result of industrial and commercial progress.

The money market performs three broad functions.

• One, it provides an equilibrating mechanism for demand and supply of short-term funds.

• Two, it enables borrowers and lenders of short-term funds to fulfil their borrowing and investment requirements at an efficient market clearing price.

• Three, it provides an avenue for central bank intervention in influencing both quantum and cost of liquidity in the financial system, thereby transmitting monetary policy impulses to the real economy.

Another functions:

1. Financing Trade. Money Market plays crucial role in financing both internal as well as international trade. Commercial finance is made available to the traders through bills of exchange, which are discounted by the bill market.

2. Financing Industry. Money market contributes to the growth of industries in 2 ways:

3. Profitable Investment. Money market enables the commercial banks to use their excess reserves in profitable investment.

4. Self-Sufficiency of Commercial Bank:

Developed money market helps the commercial banks to become self-sufficient.

5. Help to Central Bank:

Though the central bank can function and influence the banking system in the absence of a money market, the existence of a developed money market smoothens the functioning and increases the efficiency of the central bank.

7. Function of Capital Markets.

Capital market plays an important role in mobilising resources, and diverting them in productive channels. In this way, it facilitates and promotes the process of economic growth in the country. The main function of the capital market is to transfer investments from the investors who have surplus funds to the investors who have deficit funds.

1. Link between Savers and Investors:

The capital market functions as a link between savers and investors. It plays an important role in mobilising the savings and diverting them in productive investment. In this way, capital market plays a vital role in transferring the financial resources from surplus and wasteful areas to deficit and productive areas, thus increasing the productivity and prosperity of the country.

2. Encouragement to Saving:

With the development of capital, market, the banking and non-banking institutions provide facilities, which encourage people to save more.

3. Encouragement to Investment:

The capital market facilitates lending to the businessmen and the government and thus encourages investment. With the development of financial institutions, capital becomes more mobile, interest rate falls and investment increases.

4. Promotes Economic Growth:

The capital market not only reflects the general condition of the economy, but also smoothens and accelerates the process of economic growth. The proper allocation of resources results in the expansion of trade and industry in both public and private sectors, thus promoting balanced economic growth in the country.

5. Stability in Security Prices:

The capital market tends to stabilise the values of stocks and securities and reduce the fluctuations in the prices to the minimum. The process of stabilisation is facilitated by providing capital to the borrowers at a lower interest rate and reducing the speculative and unproductive activities.