31. Water sports

• sailing – equipment: harness lifejackets, anchoring. places: Tortola, British Virgin Islands; Bay of Islands, New Zealand; Cabarete, the Dominican Republic; Terrigal, New South Wales. method: By changing the rigging, rudder, and sometimes the keel or centreboard, a sailor manages the force of the wind on the sails in order to move the vessel relative to its surrounding medium (typically water, but also land and ice) and change its direction and speed

• surfing - surface water sport in which the wave rider, referred to as a "surfer", rides on the forward face of a wave, which is most often carrying the surfer towards shore. equipment: surfboards, longboards, Stand Up Paddle boards (SUP's), bodyboards, wave skis, skimboards, kneeboards, surf mats and macca's trays, leash (to stop the board from drifting away after a wipeout, and to prevent it from hitting other surfers), surf wax, traction pads (to keep a surfer's feet from slipping off the deck of the board), and fins (also known as skegs) which can either be permanently attached (glassed-on) or interchangeable. danger: drowning, collisions [sand bars, rocks, small ice, reefs, surfboards, and other surfers], Marine life [sharks, stingrays, Weever fish, seals and jellyfish], rip currents. От сёрферского термина «[to] switch foot» («развернуться в другую сторону, стоя на доске») произошло название американской альтернативной рок-группы Switchfoot, играющей христианский рок. places: Bells Beach (Victoria, Australia), Jeffreys Bay (Eastern Cape, South Africa). method: Surfing can be broken into several skills: Paddling strength, Positioning to catch the wave, timing, and balance.

• scuba diving - form of underwater diving in which a diver uses a scuba set to breathe underwater. equipment: mask, dive regulator, wetsuit, snorkel, scuba unit, dive watch, fins, scuba gear bag. danger: changes in pressure, marine animals. hand signals ! places: Dominica, Nature Island of the Caribbean, St Mary's Island, Newcastle; St Abbs - Cathedral Rock.

32. Ballgames

• cricket is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of 11 players on a roughly circular field, at the centre of which is a rectangular 22-yard long pitch. runs, test, innings, stumps, bails, wicket, bowler, batsman

• croquet is a sport that involves hitting plastic or wooden balls with a mallet through hoops (often called "wickets" in the United States) embedded in a grass playing court. from two to six players. croquet mallet, bleu always goes first

• American football, known in the United States as football, is a team sport. It is played by two teams, eleven players to a side, who advance an oval ball over a rectangular field that is 120 yards long by 53.3 yards wide and has goalposts at both ends. The team in possession of the ball (the offense) attempts to advance down the field by running with or passing the ball. To continue their drive, the offense must advance the ball at least 10 yards down the field in a series of four downs. If they succeed, they receive a new set of four downs to continue their drive. Otherwise, they lose control of the ball to the opposing team. The offense can score points by advancing the ball into the end zone (a touchdown) or by kicking the ball through the opponent's goalpost (a field goal), while the defense can score points by forcing an offensive turnover and advancing the ball into the offense's end zone or by tackling the ballcarrier in the offense's end zone (a safety). The team that has scored the most points by the end of the game wins. [NFL]

• New York Jets, Tennessee Titans, Kansas City Chiefs, New York Giants, Chicago Bears, Detroit Lions,

• Rugby football is a style of football named after Rugby School in the United Kingdom. It is seen most prominently in two current sports, rugby league and rugby union. Rugby Union teams are known as "15s" because they consist of two groups of players: 8 forwards and 7 backs.

• tennis is a sport usually played between two players (singles) or between two teams of two players each (doubles). Each player uses a racket that is strung with cord to strike a hollow rubber ball covered with felt over a net and into the opponent's court. The object of the game is to play the ball in such a way that the opponent is not able to play a good return.

• Wimbledon is the oldest tennis tournament in the world, and widely considered to be the biggest and the most prestigious. Wimbledon is the only Major still played on grass, the game's original surface, which gave the game its original name of "lawn tennis". The tournament takes place over two weeks in late June and early July, culminating with the Ladies' and Gentlemen's Singles Final, scheduled for the second Saturday and Sunday respectively. Each year five major events are contested, as well as four junior events and three invitational events.