2.Translate the first two paragraphs of the text without dictionary

3. Guess the meaning of highlighted words or phrases, explain them.

7.Reading the text and retelling it.

13. We have already mentioned that the Kazakh nation reveres the ancestral customs and traditions. For objectivity's sake, we must say that during the years of existence the Kazakh nation accumulated so voluminous luggage that it is almost impossible to tell about all the traditions and customs inherent in the descendants of the sultans Zhanibek and Kerey (founders of the Kazakh Khanate – author’s annotation) in one article.

14. The main tradition of the Kazakhs, which eventually transformed into a feature of national character, is hospitality. In the Kazakh society, there is an unofficial law voiced in ancient times. It says “Meet a guest as a God's messenger”.

15. Hospitality is considered a sacred duty in the Kazakh society. At all times, the steppe inhabitants did their best to please the guest. Therefore, each traveler going on the road, knew that he would be welcomed anywhere in the Kazakh land. First of guest of Kazakh family regaled with kumiss (the drink based on mare milk), shubat or airan, next meal wasbaursak, irimshik, kurt and white tea. Then the guest was tasting horse-flesh or mutton snaks-

17. kazy,shuzhuk, zhal, sur-et, karta and etc. Respect for the elderly is another positive feature of the Kazakh people. Traditionally, a child from early childhood is taught moderation and honesty when dealing with older, wiser and life experienced people.

18. However, the above mentioned national identities that served as a basis for the occurrence of generalized rules and principles of public relations (tradition), fortunately, are confined not only to representatives of the Kazakh people. Therefore, we offer to your attention a list of basic customs, which became widespread in the Kazakh society.

19. 2.Translate the first two paragraphs of the text without dictionary

20. 3. Guess the meaning of highlighted words or phrases, explain them.

8. People and their appearances

Meeting people for the first time we always make a judgment based on their appearances though the proverb tells us not to make such a mistake. Appearances are really deceptive; it's like a wrap of a sweet. I believe that everyone at least once in his/her life unwrapped a sweet in a bright paper but instead of a chocolate sweet found there just caramel. Or vice versa sometimes a really tasty candy is hidden under very unattractive wrapping paper. The same I can say about people.

Most people in Mediterranean countries such as Italy, Spain and Greece are rather short. They have usually got black or dark brown wavy hair, brown eyes and light brown skin and people from countries such as Denmark, Norway and Sweden are usually tall. They have fair hair, blue eyes and a pale complexion.

People from central Africa have got black curly hair and very dark skin. They have also got dark brown eyes, full lips and a wide, flattish nose.

People from Arab countries such as Saudi Arabia, Iraq and Libya have usually got dark hair and dark brown eyes. They have also got dark skin and Chinese are quite short, with thick black hair and dark, slanting eyes. They have got a small nose and a yellowish complexion In my opinion character does not depend on appearance. So, a very beautiful girl can be angry, nervous person who hates everybody and everything. But an ugly plump person can be really nice and friendly. It can be a good friend, who can always help you.

So I advice everybody not to judge people by their appearance. So I know it for sure that appearances are deceptive. That's why now I never make any conclusions about a person when I meet him or her for the first time. It's not my rule to make hasty conclusions, I prefer to get to know more about a person, then to analyze this information and only then to draw my conclusion. It's very easy to form a negative opinion about a person just because you don't like the way he looks, and it becomes like a barrier for further communication between you and this person, though in fact he can be an interesting, well-educated and talented person with whom you have a lot of in common. So, never judge people by appearances, because appearances are deceptive!