Constitutions of 1993 and 1995. Foundation of multiparty system.

The new state adopted the Constitution on the 28-th of January,1993. Constitution consist of 4 parts and 21 chapters.

But the first of the President and Parliament were uncertain and on the 30-th of August, 1995 the new Constitution was adopted. According to the Constitution of 1995:

• Kazakhstan is unitary, democratic, secular, law state.

• It is a presidential republic. The President is a head of the state and symbol and warrantor of the unity of people and the state. He is elected for 5-years term by universal, equal, direct voting.

• Legislative power belonged to the Parliament, cocnsist of two Chambers: the Senate and and Mazhiles. Elections are held every 4 years.

• The government has executive power. Its leader is the Prime-minister, who appointed by the President after approval of the Parliament.

• Judicial power is headed by Supreme Court.

• The Constitutional council controls the correspondence of all laws to the Constitution.

• People of Kazakhstan – is a unique source of the state power.

• Protect of motherland is sacred duty of each citizen of RK.

Multiparty system was formed after declaration of Independence state.

In the end of 1993 three political parties were registered in Kazakhstan: Socialist Party, Republican Party of Kazakhstan, and “National Congress of Kazakhstan”. Social organizations: “Nevada-Semipalatinsk” – antinuclear movement, “Azat” – civil movement, union “People unity of Kazakhstan” were formed.

1. Union “People unity of Kazakhstan” united different social stratums. N.Nazarbayev agreed to be a leader of Union. K.Sultanov became a chairman of Union.

2. “National Congress of Kazakhstan” took part in social-political life of Kazakhstan: in discussing and adoption of legal projects about political parties, local self government, opposition, election in Supreme Soviet and so on. O.Suleymenov was a leader of NCK.

3. Socialist Party of Kazakhstan was founded after reorganization of the Communist Party.

Glossary

Dissolution	роспуск	Тарқату
Infringement	нарушение	Тәртіп бұзу
Promulgate	издавать	Шығару
Stock	запас	Қор
Dignity	достоинство	Аброй

Tasks for IWS: Make annotation: Абенов Е.М., Арынов Е.М., Тасмагамбетов И.Н. Казахстан: эволюция государства и общества. Алматы, 1996.

Task for IWS under a teacher’s control: Write a short report: “State symbols of the Independent Kazakhstan.”

Home tasks: Write a short essay: “Political situation in Kazakhstan in 2000-2005.”

List of reference of the theme:

1. История Казахстана с древнейших времен до наших дней. Очерк. Алматы: Дауир, 1993, с.407-414.

2. Кан Г.В. История Казахстана: Учеб.пособие. – Алматы: ВШП Эдилет, 2000, с.207-214