5 J Match the sentence beginnings with their endings.

1	The digestive system consists	a	the teeth, tongue, salivary glands, pala­
	of...		tes, liver, gall bladder and pancreas.
2	The gastrointestinal tract be­	b	an external secretion and insulin.
	gins...	c	with oral cavity or mouth.
3	The alimentary canal in­	d	from the pharynx to the stomach.
	cludes ...	e	alimentary canal and accessory or­
4	The accessory organs are ...		gans.
5	The stomach is ...	f	a dilated portion of the alimentary
6	The liver ...		canal.
7	The pancreas forms ...	g	a thin-walled muscular tube.
8	The esophagus conveys food	h	secrets bile.
		i	a hollow sac.
9	The small intestine is ...	j	the mouth, pharynx, esophagus,
10 The gall bladder is ...			stomach, intestine and rectum.

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6. J Match the following terms (a) with their meanings (b).

1. 1) Deglutition; 2) absorption; 3) mastication; 4) digestion; 5) peristalsis; 6) excretion; 7) anastomosis; 8) regurgitation.

2. 1) Bringing food back up the gastrointestinal tract; 2) break­down of complex substances; 3) new opening up between two hollow organs or fibres; 4) contraction and relaxation of muscles to propel food along the gastrointestinal tract; 5) formation of wastes and their removal from the body; 6) passage of simple nutrients into the blood stream; 7) swallowing; 8) chewing.

7. ]Say what organ is spoken about.

1. This organ is the largest gland in the human body. It is in the upper part of the abdominal cavity under the diaphragm in the right side of the abdomen. Its upper surface is convex. This organ consists of small lobules connected together by connective tissue, different ves­sels and nerves.

2. This organ is pyriform in shape. It is a dilated portion of the alimentary canal. It is in the upper part of the abdomen under the diaphragm. The liver is above this organ, and the colon is below it. The pancreas is behind this organ.

[8j Identify each of the following terms by associating it with one of the major anatomical systems of the body: skeleton, circulatory system, skin, nervous system, digestive system, or muscles. A term may belong to more than one system.

tendon	hemoglobin	ventricle	neuron	trachea	kidney
nose	liver	cerebrum	eye	teeth	bile
salivary glands	synapse	arteriole	platelet	peristalsis	colon
flexor	capillary	ligament	pancreas	periosteum	vertebra
marrow	dendrite	pelvis	pulse	skull	dermis
plasma	rectum	bronchioles	taste buds	bursa	rib cage

[9 jAnswer the following questions.

1. What portions is the alimentary tract composed of/

2. Where does digestion occur?

3. What are the characteristics of the stomach?

4. How do we distinguish “small” and “large” intestines?

5. What are the characteristics of the liver?

6. Describe the digestive process, from the time food enters the mouth to the time it is eliminated as waste matter.

GRAMMAR

Q ]Turn the following sentences into the Passive Voice.

1. The students were reading the text when the teacher came in.

2. Peristaltic movements are pushing the food into the upper part of

the throat.

3. They will study the function of the heart.

4. The teacher was explaining to the students the peculiarities of the digestive system.

5. This doctor is introducing a new instrument now.

6. First-year students will study chemistry.

7. The professor was demonstrating the activity of gastric juice by means of the microscope.

8. He will make many experiments.

[2^ Form sentences in the Passive Voice using the following words.

1. Food; to chew; the teeth.

2. Saliva; to mix; the food.

3. Food; to swallow.

4. Gastric juice; to excrete; gastric glands.

5. Proteins; to digest; the stomach.

6. Bile; to produce; the liver.

7. Pancreatic juice; to secrete; the pancreas.

8. Dissolved nutrients; to absorb; the blood.

9. Water; to absorb; the large intestine.

10. Undigested parts; to excrete from the system; the rectum.