2. Read the text and say what changes you would like to be implemented in Ukraine. Changes in Postgraduate Medical Training

Many changes have occurred in postgraduate medical training in I lie last fifty years:

1. Many medical practitioners now serve a residency after graduation from medical school. In many states, full licensure for unrestricted practice is not available until graduation from a residency pro­gram. Residency is now considered desirable preparation for pri­mary care (what used to be called “general practice”).

2. It is now uncommon for an MD physician to take a year of intern­ship before entering a residency, and the first year of residency training is now considered equivalent to an internship for most legal purposes.

3. Pay has increased, but residency compensation continues to be considered an educational stipend and is not sufficient as a “living wage”.

4. Call hours have been greatly restricted. In July 2003, strict rules went into effect for all residency programs in the US, known to residents as the “work hours rules”. Among other things, these rules limited a resident to no more than 80 hours of work in a week (averaged over 4 weeks), no more than 24 hours of clinical duties at a stretch with an additional 6 hours for transferring pa- (ienl care and educational requirement (with no new patients in the last six), and call no more often than every third night.

5. For many specialties an increasing proportion of the training time is spent in outpatient clinics rather than on inpatient care.

3. (Comment on the points 1, 5, 6, 8, 9 and compare with the Ukrainian

mode of holding course and final examination.

1. Examinations will be prepared in at least two different forms and/ or the examination will be taken in a room or rooms large enough to provide one empty space between each student.

2. A list of seat assignments will be outside the room immediately prior to the examination. All students will occupy their assigned seats for the examination.

3. At least one proctor will be present in the room during the entire examination. If more than one proctor is present, one proctor will be designated as chief proctor. Proctors will be assigned to the hall area and restroom areas.

4. Answer keys for the examination will not be posted before all stu­dents have turned in their examination materials.

5. Examinations will begin promptly at the announced time. Stu­dents who arrive more than 10 minutes later may not be permitted to take the examination. Examination procedures for late arriving students will be determined by the academic department respon­sible for the examination.

6. Pencils and erasers are the only writing materials permitted in the room during the examination. Hats, study materials, backpacks, briefcases, audio equipment, and earphones will not be allowed in the examination room. Calculators may be permitted tit the discre­tion of the course director.

7. During the examination, students will be restricted to the exami­nation room, to the area immediately outside the examination room, and the restrooms. All materials will be placed face down on the desk when the student leaves the room.

8. No talking or other communication will be permitted by students during the examination.

9. Students who finish the examination early will follow the proce­dure established by examination room quietly, and must immedi­ately leave the examination area, which includes the hallway and restrooms used by the examinees.

10. Final examinations are given at the course director’s discretion or according to the Colleges final examination schedule. The student

must take the examination at the time it is scheduled, unless spe­cifically excused by the course director.

11. Course directors, with the approval of their department chairman, have the final option to modify the administration of examina­tions.

12. Failure of a student to comply with the above rules and regulations will result in failure on the given examination, as stated in the Academic Misconduct Code. Additional penalties may be recom­mended by the Academic Misconduct Board and imposed by the Dean.

Unit 4 MEDICAL EDUCATION IN GREAT BRITAIN