[ 7 |A young man was delivered to the Emergency Department with an ab­dominal pain. Complete the interview with the doctor’s questions.

Doctor: Good morning. I’m doctor Smith. ..., please?

Patient: John Wilson

D.: Ok John, ... tell me ... your problem?

P.: It’s that severe pain in my belly.

D.: ...

P.: It came two days ago.

D.: ...

P.: It’s right here.

D.: ...

P.: At first it was mild, but then it became worse.

D.: ...

P.: Yes, now it’s in that particular place all the time.

D.: ...

P.: I feel so sick that can’t eat anything.

D.: ...

P.: Yes, it was 38.5 yesterday.

D.: ...

P.: Oh! When you take your hand away it’s even worse.

D.: ...

P.: It’s a bit better when I’m lying on my side.

D.: John, it’s necessary to do a blood test — it most probably is appendicitis.

P.: Oh, it’s horrible!

8. JAnswer the questions.

1. What are the main components of clinical examination?

2. Why does taking history come first?

3. How does an interview usually start?

4. Why are systems reviewed?

5. Why are patients asked about their previous medical diseases?

6. What may drug history reveal?

7. What recommendations should be followed to get accurate infor­mation?

8. What is crucial in history taking?

9. Is it necessary to obtain the patient’s history from different sourc­es of information?

10. What information should be defined during taking history of pre­senting complaint?

GRAMMAR:

PAST PERFECT PASSIVE

We form the Past Perfect Passive by the next formula: had been + Past Participle.

To change a sentence from active into passive one should:

1. The object of the active sentence becomes the subject in the pas­sive sentences.

2. The subject of the active sentences becomes the agent, and is ei­ther introduced with a preposition by or omitted.

3. Only transitive verbs (verbs followed by an object) can be changed into the passive.

Active: The surgeon had completed the operation by two o ’clock. Passive: The operation had been completed by two o ’clock by the surgeon.

Active: He had made the preparation before professor came. Passive: The preparation had been made before professor came.

1. [Determine the Past Perfect Passive in the following sentences. Trans­late them into Ukrainian.

1

2

3

4

5

6

8

9

10

Fatal outcome of the diseases had been prevented by the surgeon. The stomach ulcer was caused by allergenic foods.

On examination of his chest, he had poor respiratory movement. When we entered the room, the bottles with dangerous solutions had already been broken.

The scientific laboratory has been opened recently.

A great deal of information about the prevention and cure of ail­ments has been learned by scientists.

On admission the patient stated that two years before there was something wrong with his stomach.

Certain diseases had been eliminated thanks to scientific discoveries. Have you heard any dull sounds examining this patient?

Ten hours before the patient was admitted to the hospital he had suffered from a sudden severe abdominal pain.