- •Crime & Punishment
- •Unit 1. The Language of Law
- •I. Memorize the following words and phrases and give their Russian equivalents.
- •Translate the following sentences into Russian.
- •Complete the following text with the words given. Speak about practicing lawyers in England.
- •Before reading the text try to define the role of Criminal Law in society.
- •Unit 2. Crime
- •Find the Russian equivalents for the following words and phrases. Try to give a definition to the term crime.
- •Read and translate the following text. Types of Crimes
- •The table below gives the names of some types of crimes. Complete it with their definitions, the names of the persons who commit them and their associated verbs.
- •Read the following text and speak about the crime rate, its tendencies, the causes of crime in your country, and possible ways of crime prevention.
- •V. Criminal law is gradually changing. One of the reasons is that different societies continually review their ideas of what should and should not be considered a crime.
- •Unit 3. Court of Law
- •Memorise the words and expressions given. Pay attention to the articles.
- •You will find a few other useful words in the following text. Read it and speak about the legal system in England and Wales.
- •Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •Read the text and compare the legal system in the United States with the legal system in England and Wales.
- •Learn some more useful words and expressions that haven’t been used in the texts.
- •Choose one of the words from the list above to complete each of the sentences.
- •Translate the following into English.
- •Unit 4. Punishment
- •I. Here are some words connected with punishment. Try to find their Russian equivalents. If necessary, use a dictionary.
- •Read and translate the following text. Punishment
- •Sentencing
- •The Death Penalty
- •Prisons
- •Alternatives to Prison
- •Discuss the answers to these questions.
- •Translate the sentences into English.
- •Unit 4. Revision Exercises
- •Choose the most appropriate word in each sentence.
- •Complete each sentence by putting one or two suitable prepositions in each space.
- •Complete each sentence with a compound word formed from the word in capitals.
- •Choose the most suitable word.
- •Replace the bold words with their synonyms.
- •Restore the text by choosing the most suitable word for each space.
- •197110, СПб, б. Разночинная, д. 27
Before reading the text try to define the role of Criminal Law in society.
Words and expressions:
Civil Law – гражданское право
Common Law - право, основанное на сочетании законодательных актов и судебных прецедентов
Constitutional Law – конституционное право
Criminal Law – уголовное право
International Law – международное право
Public Law – публичное право
codified system – юридическая система, закрепленная в уголовно-процессуальном кодексе
offence – правонарушение
penalty provisions – предусмотренное законом наказание
statute – законодательный акт
Most judicial systems consist of Civil Law which concerns disputes among citizens within the country and Public Law which concerns disputes between citizens and the state or between one state and another.
The main categories of Public Law are Constitutional Law, International Law and Criminal Law.
Criminal Law regulates the relations between citizens and the state. It defines criminal offences, controls apprehension, charging and trial of suspected persons, and fixes penalties and modes of treatment applicable to convicted offenders.
In codified systems there are codes that correspond to these categories of law, for example, France’s Code Civil and Code Penal. There is no civil code or criminal code in either England or the USA. The law is based on statutes or Acts of Parliament (in the USA – the Constitution) and Common Law, i.e. past decisions of judges which are not regulated by the statutes and are made in accordance with a mass of precedents which were later interpreted by lawyers. In Britain, however, the statutes cover most crimes and contain maximum penalty provisions for various types of offences.
Criminal Law is only one of the devices by which organised societies protect the security of individual interests and assure the survival of the group. There are, in addition, the standards of conduct instilled by family, school, and religion; the rules of the office and factory and the regulations of civil life enforced by ordinary police powers.
Answer the following questions:
What are the main categories of Public Law?
What does Constitutional Law regulate?
What does International Law regulate?
What does Criminal Law regulate?
What is a codified system?
Which European countries have established codified systems of law?
Does Russia have a codified legal system?
What is judicial system in Great Britain and the USA based on?
Unit 2. Crime
Find the Russian equivalents for the following words and phrases. Try to give a definition to the term crime.
crime prevention – work done to stop crime from happening
crime rate – the amount of crime in society
petty crime – crime that is not very serious
crime wave – a sudden increase in the amount of crime
to commit a crime – to do sth illegal
scene of the crime – place where a particular crime happened
crime against humanity – a cruel crime against a lot of ordinary people, that is considered unacceptable in any situation, even a war
crime of passion – a crime, usually murder, that happens as a result of someone’s sexual jealousy
criminal offence – a crime that can be punished by law
criminal negligence – the illegal act of not doing sth you should do, with the result that someone is hurt
criminal damage – the illegal act of damaging someone else’s property
criminal record – a list made by the police of someone’s crime