I. Reading Exercises:

Exercise 1. Read and memorize using a dictionary:

in turn, heterogeneous reactors, heat-transfer capability,

desirable characteristics, the reactor core,

to prevent boiling, feed water, pressurized-water reactors,

liquid-metal fast breeder reactor.

Exercise 2. Answer the questions:

1. How is the heat generated in a reactor removed?

2. How are coolants selected?

3. Why are gases inherently poor heat-transfer fluids?

4. What gas is the most attractive as the coolant for high-temperature gas-cooled reactor systems.

Exercise 3. Match the left part with the right:

Sodium	serves as the moderator as well as the coolant.
Water	has been selected as the coolant for the development of high-temperature gas-cooled reactor.
Helium	Is attractive because of its relatively low melting point.

Exercise 4.Open brackets choosing the right words:

In a pressurized-water reactor (PWR), the coolant water is kept under ( increased /decreased ) pressure (to prevent / to keep) boiling. It transfers ( heat / water) to a separate stream of feed water in a steam generator, changing that water to steam.

II. Speaking Exercises:

Exercise 1. Describe a boiling-water reactor and gas coolants

using the suggested words and expressions:

boiling-water reactor

utilize, coolant, reactor core, to make steam, is piped, to prevent boiling, moderator

gas coolants

poor heat-transfer fluids, low density, gas pressure, attractive gas, gas-cooled

reactor, at extremely high temperature

Exercise 2. Ask questions to the given answers:

1) Question: _________________________________________

The water boils directly in the reactor core to make steam that is piped to the turbine.

2) Question:____________________________________________________

The coolant water is kept under increased pressure to prevent boiling.

3) Question:___________________________________________________

The alkali metals, in particular, have excellent heat-transfer properties and extremely low vapor pressures at temperatures.

III. Writing exercises:

Exercise 1. Complete the sentences with the suggested words:

by, within,in, from, through.

For the heterogeneous reactors this heating occurs______ the fuel elements. Heating also arises _______ the release and absorption of the radiation _____ the fission process and ______ the radioactive materials formed. The heat generated ____ a reactor is removed_____ a primary coolant flowing through it.

Exercise 2. Fill in the table with words and expressions from the text:

parts properties process

The water boils
The situation can be improved
Sodium is attractive

.

Exercise 3. Compose a story on the following topic (up to 100 words):

“Reactor coolants”