- •What is a logistician responsible for? Read the text and check your prediction.
- •Match the subtitles with the paragraphs in the text:
- •Answer the following questions:
- •Many words in English can function as nouns, or verbs, or adjectives.
- •Fill in the table. The first one is done for you as the example.
- •Find the words hidden in the jumbles:
- •Which goods need specific treatment during transportation?
- •Name three products for which:
- •Answer the following questions:
- •Interpret the nominal compounds:
- •Find the words in the jumbles:
- •Seven names of vehicles have been hidden in the box below. Find them.
- •Complete each sentence with the correct form of the word in capitals:
- •Fill in the correct preposition which goes with the underlined word. Some of them may be used more than once.
- •Substitute the words in italics with their synonyms from the list below:
- •Complete the messages from a message board on the Internet. Use a, the or one.
- •Complete the blanks with a (an), the or zero article.
- •Complete the conversation. Use a, the or –.
- •Answer the following questions:
- •Find ten words in the word square and match them with their definitions.
- •Use the words from Exercise 3 to complete the sentences below. You may need to change the form of some words.
- •Find the words in the text that have opposite meaning to the following:
- •Match the words that have a similar meaning:
- •Complete the sentences below with the words from the exercises above.
- •Complete each sentence with the correct form of the word in capitals.
- •Complete each sentence with a word from the list, which presents different traffic participants.
- •Put adjectives into the correct form (Degrees of Comparison).
- •Read the dictionary entry for the word 'efficiency'.
- •Combine words from two columns to make proper collocations. Use them in sentences of your own.
- •Explain these adjectives according to the example given:
- •Find the words hidden in the jumbles.
- •Fill the missing words in. The first one has been done for you.
- •Complete the sentences with the correct form of the word in capitals.
- •Put each of the following words in correct place.
- •Explain the difference between:
- •Put the verb into the correct tense form (Simple Tenses). Translate the sentences.
- •Match the pairs so that they make true statements.
- •Choose the best answer.
- •Find the words hidden in the jumbles.
- •Complete the sentences with the correct form of the word in capitals.
- •Substitute the words in italics with their synonyms from the list below.
- •Fill the correct prepositions in.
- •Germany’s ‘site of the century’
- •Answer the following questions:
- •Find the words hidden in the jumbles.
- •Match the two parts to make collocations.
- •Put the collocations from Exercise 6 into the following sentences.
- •Put the verb into the correct tense form (Simple or Continuous). Translate the sentences.
- •Answer the following questions:
- •Correct the mistakes (each of the sentences contains one mistake).
- •Find one word in the text which has the same meaning as:
- •Complete the sentences below with words from the box. There are some additional information explanations in brackets.
- •Complete the text. (Degrees of Comparison) Translate it into Ukrainian.
- •Answer the following questions:
- •Match the words from the text with the definitions below.
- •Complete the statements below with phrases from the text.
- •Interpret the following phrases:
- •Complete the sentences with the appropriate form of the words in capitals.
- •Put the verb into the correct tense form in Passive.
- •Put different types of questions to the sentences from Exercise 10.
- •Do you know:
- •Read the text and mark the sentences below as true (t) or false (f).
- •Complete the missing information.
- •Find ten words in the text and match them with their definitions.
- •Fill in the missing prepositions. Choose from the box below.
- •Match the words from columns to make proper collocations (they all appeared in the text).
- •Put the verb into the correct tense form (Past Simple or Present Perfect).
- •How would you answer the question above?
- •Do you know where in the world people drive on the right and where on the left?
- •Do you know why? the romans drove on the left
- •Match the words from the text with their definitions.
- •What about the rest of the world?
- •List the countries from the text where people drive:
- •Complete the missing words in the table below.
- •Answer the following questions:
- •Use the correct form of the words from the table to complete the sentences. Change the form of the words in capitals.
- •Read the title of the short article below. What kind of pollution does it refer to? Read the article and check your predictions. Is this a problem where you live?
- •Invisible pollution
- •Here is a list of ten noises which most annoy people:
- •What are other curses of living in a city? What can be done to help city-dwellers?
- •Read the text and fill in the gaps with the expressions from the list:
- •Read the text below.
- •Match the following headlines with the paragraphs of the text.
- •Answer the following questions:
- •Match the words with their definitions:
- •Complete the table using the words from the list. Some of them can be used more than once.
- •Fill in the missing words:
Text 1 LOGISTICS
Which fields of human activity require logistics? Justify your answers. Add your own Examples: the military? household? spare time? building a house?
What do these activities have in common? (many documents, a large number of people involved, a lot of equipment, careful planning, etc.).
What does logistics in economy involve?
education of employees? transport? environment protection? information technology?
warehousing? distribution of raw materials and goods?
social relationships among the employees of a company?
Read the definition of logistics and choose the correct word.
Logistics is the act / art of maintaining relationship / control over world-wide supply-chains by combination of transport / production, warehousing skills, distribution / company management and information policy / technology.
Match the names with their functions:
|
bridges the geographical gaps in the complex pattern of manufacturing centers, sources of raw materials supplies, depot location and marketing outlets |
|
keeps goods secure in the time gaps which separate 'production' from 'consumption' |
|
accepts and holds stocks until required, and then routes them to the factories, wholesalers and retailers that require them |
|
keeps track of where everything is, alerts those who need to be informed of amended 'instructions, documents stocks, orders, transits, arrivals and departures and permits to access its data banks |
What is a logistician responsible for? Read the text and check your prediction.
A We live in a world where people want things - food, shelter, clothing, medical care, education, entertainment, etc. These ‘wants’(1) lead to huge ' demands' (2) for goods (3) and services, for there are now almost 6,000 million people on earth. To meet the demands producers around the world must provide enormous quantities of goods and vast array of services, each with its specialized requirements. It is these supplies (4) which pose the logistical problems, for we must cither move the goods to the consumers who require them or move the people to the places where the services can be enjoyed. It is the supply-chains for all these products and services which are the true subject-matter of logistics. The end of the logistical chain is when the finished product, available for immediate 'consumption' reaches the final 'consumer'. The full production-consumption cycle (5) reads: wants; enterprise; production; distribution; marketing; exchange (6); consumption; satisfaction and back to 'wants' again. Consumption gives satisfaction, but in so doing destroys production and we're back to 6,000 million people who want things.
B This is elementary stuff, but the way in which these 'wants' are satisfied in the modern, free enterprise world is far from elementary. The typical organization in the free (7) enterprise world today is the multinational company, engaged in multinational production. Manufacturing is rarely a one-site activity. Multiple-site manufacturing and assembly is the usual practice, and for the multinational company this means sites in a variety of countries spanning the five continents. Products may be designed in Japan; components may be manufactured in Taiwan or Singapore; sub-assemblies may be put together in Spain and the final product assembled in the United Kingdom and sold all over the European Union, North America, Australia and the Middle East.
C All this dispersal of production may come about for a variety of reasons. It may be because of local resources; because of particular skills in a workforce; because labour is cheaper in a particular country; because quality is high in a particular field of activity. Often the spreading of production has to do with the requirements of governments, who will only allow an activity to go ahead if it brings some tangible' benefits (8) to the people of their country. They may require all activities to be performed by nominally local companies, with a home national in an influential position on the Board. Whatever the reason (9), this type of production requires logistical services to keep control (10) of the many movements of raw materials, semi- manufacturers, components and end-products which are on the moved (11). This is the subject-matter of logistics, which seeks to give control over all these movements while at the same time providing a system which is flexible and can respond to changes in demands, closures of routes and other interruptions of normal procedures.
D Logistics is the art of maintaining control over world-wide supply-chains by a combination of transport, warehousing skills, distribution management and information technology. Transport bridges the geographical gaps in the complex (12) pattern of manufacturing centers, sources of raw material supplies, depot locations and marketing outlets which are such important features of the modern multinational company. Warehousing keeps goods of every sort (13), from raw materials to finished products, secure in the time gaps which separate 'production' from 'consumption'. Distribution centers accept and hold stocks until required, and then route them to the factories, wholesalers and retailers that require them. Information technology keeps track of where everything is, alerts (14) those who need to be informed of amended instructions, documents stocks, orders (15), transits, arrivals and departures and permits (16) everyone who is authorized to do so to access (17) its data banks, interrogate them and, if necessary, update them.
E The increased interest (18) in the activity called logistics has created a new term for the person making these logistical arrangements - the logistician. His task is to manage supply-chains with optimum efficiency supervising everything, keeping the chain free of bottlenecks, free of documentation difficulties, using the best equipment in the most efficient way, fast, cheap, economic, legal, environmentally friendly and, above all, on course to achieve the final mission. The mission is to supply finished goods into the marketplace where they will become available eventually to the consumers who require them.