- •Частное учреждение образования
- •English grammar practice практика английского языка сборник упражнений по грамматике
- •Contents
- •Предисловие
- •English tenses (active voice)
- •Глагол “to be” The verb “to be” in the Present Simple Tense
- •The verb “to be” in the Past Simple Tense
- •The verb “to be” in the Future Simple Tense
- •Времена действительного залога (english tenses active)
- •2.1. The present simple tense
- •Revision exercises
- •2.2. The present continuous tense
- •Present continuous and present simple for future planned actions
- •Present continuous and present simple
- •I am doing I do
- •Every day, in the morning, now, often, at the moment, rarely
- •In the morning, today, at present, on Saturdays, usually, never
- •It’s Sunday at Ann’s house.
- •2.3. The past simple tense
- •Revision exercises
- •At the moment, always, two months ago, in 1986, last night, never, last summer when I was a child, ten minutes ago, every week, twice a year, just now
- •2.4. The future simple tense
- •Carry do eat send show sit stay
- •When and if sentences (Придаточные предложения условия и времени)
- •Revision exercises
- •2.5. The past continuous tense
- •2.6. The future continuous tense
- •Promise her to do all these things;
- •Specify the time (up to the day and the hour) when you’ll be doing it.
- •2.7. The present perfect tense
- •I’ve already done it.
- •I have already written the letter but I haven’t posted it yet.
- •Present perfect and past simple
- •I have done I did
- •2.8. The past perfect tense
- •2.9. The future perfect tense
- •2.10. The present perfect continuous tense
- •Present perfect continuous and present perfect
- •I have been doing I have done
- •2.11. The past perfect continuous tense
- •2.12. The future perfect continuous tense
- •Упражнения на все видо-временные формы английского глагола
- •Mixture of tenses (elementary)
- •Mixture of tenses (intermediate)
- •Специальный тест на временные формы глаголов
- •(The passive voice)
- •Cравнительная таблица глагольных форм в активном и пассивном залогах
- •Passive (present simple)
- •Passive (past simple)
- •Passive (future simple)
- •Passive (present and past continuous)
- •In brackets into present continuous passive.
- •Passive (present perfect)
- •Passive (past and future perfect)
- •The Passive Infinitive
- •Revision exercises
- •(Direct and reported speech)
- •Повествовательные предложения
- •Вопросительные предложения Специальные вопросы
- •Общие вопросы
- •Revision excercises
- •In the evening Mrs Brown reports the questions to her husband.
- •In advance.
- •Повелительные предложения
- •Oral Activity1
- •Oral Activity 2
- •Revision exercises
- •Final test
- •(Conditional sentences)
- •First conditional
- •Oral Activity (Chain Story)
- •Class Game
- •Second conditional
- •If I were you. . .
- •Oral Activity
- •Third conditional
- •Oral Activity 1 (Suzie’s story)
- •Oral activity 2
- •Revision exercises
- •Thomas is on a desert island and he is thinking.
- •Final test
- •Making a wish
- •(Modal verbs)
- •Can / could / de able to
- •I can’t help you now, but I’ll be able to do it tomorrow.
- •In brackets.
- •May / might/ be allowed to
- •Must / have to / need
- •Mustn’t - needn’t - don’t have to
- •Should / ought to
- •Revision exercises
- •Новое платье луны
- •Final test
- •(Non-finite forms of the verb)
- •7.1. Инфинитив (the infinitive)
- •Перевод инфинитива на русский язык
- •Common verbs followed by the infinitive
- •Oral Activity
- •I don’t know how to help someone who has swallowed poison.
- •The infinitive constructions the complex object (сложное дополнение)
- •Infinitive.
- •The complex subject (сложное подлежащее)
- •7.2. Герундий
- •Revision exercises
- •Final test
- •Причастие (the participle)
- •Have something done
- •Final grammar test
- •Mixed practice murder mystery Can you put the verbs in the correct form and solve this detective puzzle?
- •Who did they arrest? list of irregular verbs
- •List of used sources
- •Soars l., Soars j. Headway. - Oxford, 1994.
(The passive voice)
Времена страдательного залога образуются при помощи вспомогательного глагола to be в соответствующем времени и формы причастия прошедшего времени (Past Participle) смыслового глагола. При спряжении глагола в страдательном залоге иpменяется только глагол to be, смысловой же глагол имеет во всех временах одну и ту же форму – Past Participle (окончание –ed для правильных глаголов; 3 форма для неправильных глаголов).
Active: Picasso painted that picture.
Passive: That picture was painted by Picasso.
1. Дополнение действительного оборота (that picture) служит подлежащим в страдательном обороте.
2. Глаголу в действительном залоге (painted) соответствует глагол в страдательном залоге в том же времени (was painted).
3. Подлежащее действительного оборота (Picasso) служит в страдательном обороте дополнением. Если возникает необходимость назвать лицо или предмет, который совершает действие, то употребляется оборот с предлогом by или with (кем? чем?).
by – указывает субъекта, который совершает действие
with – указывает инструмент, средство, с помощью которого совершается действие.
This poem was written by Byron. This window was broken with a stone.
Однако лицо, производящее воздействие, несущественно и часто не упоминается. Например:
The theatre was built in 1983. Театр был построен в 1983 г.
English is spoken all over the world. На английском говорят во всем мире.
4. Если в английском действительном обороте сказуемое имеет два дополнения, то действительному обороту могут соответствовать два параллельных страдательных оборота. Страдательный оборот с косвенным дополнением в роли подлежащего является более употребительным.
I sent her some roses. - She was sent some roses. (more usual)
Some roses were sent (to) her. (less usual).
5. После модальных глаголов ( can, may, must, have to, should) в страдательном обороте употребляется be + past participle.
You can use the machine for cutting bread. The machine can be used for cutting bread.
Present Simple Past Simple Future Simple Present Continuous Past Continuous Present Perfect Past Perfect Future Perfect Modals |
He delivers letters He delivered the letters He will deliver the letters He is delivering the letters He was delivering the letters He has delivered the letters He had delivered the letters He will have delivered the letters He may deliver the letters He must deliver the letters |
Letters are delivered. The letters were delivered. The letters will be delivered The letters are being delivered The letters were being delivered The letters have been delivered The letters had been delivered The letters will have been delivered The letters may be delivered The letters must be delivered |
