5. Caмостійне опрацювання матеріалу:

- опрацювати опорний текст;

- опрацювати текст за фахом;

- виконати лексико-граматичний тест до залікового кредиту 2.2.

Текст

Geography of the British Isles

1. Review the following words and word-combinations.

To lie (lay – lain) – лежати, channel – канал, English Channel – Ла-Манш, coast – морський берег, to be washed by – омиватися, to flow – текти, to stretch – тягнутися, influence – вплив, shore – берег,fog – туман, deposit – родовища корисних копалин, current – течія, monarchy – монархія, navigation – плавання, мореплавство.

2. Read and translate the text.

The full name of the country is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

The United Kingdom is situated on the British Isles. They lie to the north-west of Europe. The British Isles consist of two large islands, Great Britain and Ireland, and a great number of small islands.

The British Isles are separated from the European continent by the North Sea and the English Channel. The western coast of Great British is washed by the Atlantic Ocean and the Irish Sea.

The United Kingdom consists of four parts: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. England, the central part, occupies the most of the island of Great Britain. To the north lies Scotland and to the west the third part of the country, Wales, is situated. The fourth part is called Northern Ireland and is located on the second island. Each part has its capital. The capital of England is London, Wales has Cardiff, Scotland has Edinburgh and the main city of Northern Ireland is Belfast.

Great Britain is a country of forests and plains. There are no high mountains in this country. In the north the Cheviots separate England from Scotland, the Pennines stretch down North England along its middle, the Cambrian mountains occupy the greater part of Wales and the Highlands of Scotland are the tallest of the British mountains, the highest peak is Ben Nevis.

Most of the rivers flow into the North Sea. The Severn is the longest river, while the Thames is the deepest and the most important one. As the country is surrounded by many seas there are some great ports at the seaside: London, Glasgow, Plymouth and others. Wales is a country of lakes. It has the most famous lake in the world – Loch-Ness.

Due to the influence of the Gulf Stream, a warm ocean current washing Britain’s western shores, the UK enjoys warmer winters and cooler summers. There is much rain and fog in England. October is usually the wettest month, July is the hottest and January is the coldest one.

Great Britain is not very rich in mineral resources; it has some deposits of coal and iron ore and vast deposits of oil and gas that were discovered in the North Sea.

The population of the United Kingdom is over 58 million people. The main nationalities are: English, Welsh, Scottish and Irish. In Great Britain there are a lot of immigrants from former British Asian and African colonies.

Great Britain is a highly industrialized country. It is known as a producer and exporter of machinery, electronics, ships, aircraft and navigation equipment. The main industrial centers are London, Birmingham, Manchester, Leeds, Liverpool, Glasgow and Bristol.

The capital of the country is London. The United Kingdom is a parliamentary monarchy.

3. Remember the following word-combinations. Translate them into Ukrainian or Russian.

Official name, chief industry, total area, in practice, shallow waters, vast plain, shape of the country, thanks to, to look like.

4. Make up sentences using the following word-combinations.

To be surrounded by the waters of … , to be of no great importance, the whole year round, great well-ordered park, the world’s largest producer, the narrowest part of the English Channel, the longest river, the cost line, the type of the climate, the chief industry, to be ruled by.

5. Choose the English equivalents for the following Ukrainian sentences.

У Британії не існує великих перепадів температур через теплу течію, яка носить назву Гольфстрім.

A) The current of warm water called the Gulf Stream doesn’t influence on the extreme contrasts in temperature in Britain.

B) There are no extreme contrasts in temperature in Britain because of the current of warm water called the Gulf Stream.

C) The extreme contrasts in temperature in Britain depend on the current of warm water called the Gulf Stream.

Гольф – шотландська національна гра, яка була винайдена у цій країні.

A) Golf is the Scottish national sport and it seems to have originated in this country.

B) Golf the national sport of Scotland was originated in this country.

C) The Scottish national sport is golf.

У 60-х роках уельський мові було надано статусу офіційної мови, нарівні з англійською, та вона почала використовуватися у судовому діловодстві.

A) As an official language Welsh was given equal status with English in the 60’s.

B) In the 60’s Welsh was given equal status with English as an official language and it was used in the law courts.

C) Welsh is used in the law courts as an official language because in the 60’s it was given equal status wish English.

VI. Answer the following questions.

1. What is the official name of the country we call Great Britain?

2. Is the United Kingdom situated on the mainland?

3. Where is the United Kingdom situated?

4. What channel separates the British Isles from the continent?

5. What is the Strait of Dover?

6. What are the main ports of Britain?

7. What is the highest mountain of Great Britain?

8. What can you say about the surface of Great Britain?

9. Are there a lot of long and deep rivers in Great Britain?

10. What countries does the United Kingdom consist of?

11. What does the United Kingdom produce and export?

12. The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy. What does it mean?

6. Complete the following sentences.

The country is ruled by… .

a) the Queen

b) the elected government

c) the Parliament

The western coast of Great Britain is washed by… .

a) the Pacific Ocean

b) the North Sea

c) the Atlantic Ocean and the Irish Sea

Britain’s principal ports are… .

a) Chester, Cambridge and Oxford

b) London, Glasgow and Liverpool

c) Edinburgh, Cardiff and Belfast

The climate of Great Britain is influenced by… .

a) the current of warm water of the Gulf Stream

b) the cold water of the North Sea

c) the mountains situated in the northern and the western parts of the country

7. Translate into English.

1. Багато століть тому Британські острови були частиною континенту.

2. Кембрійські гори в Уельсі значно нижчі.

3. Середня температура у Британії не перевищує 32⁰ С влітку, не спускається нижче – 10⁰ С взимку.

4. В Британії трава залишається (to remain) зеленою цілий рік.

5. Британські острови – острови чотирьох народів: англійського, шотландського, уельського та ірландського.

6. У 1988 році населення Об’єднаного Королівства дорівнювало приблизно 57 млн. мешканців.

7. Лондонський туман має світову репутацію.

8. Retell the text using the following situations.

• Make up a talk for your friends about Great Britain. Mention the facts which you consider to be the most important.

• After your 3-months stay in Great Britain you were invited to your school to make a report for the younger children. What would you speak about?

• After your trip to Great Britain you have a lot of postcards with the major places of interest, cities and towns. Describe some of them to your friends.