5. Опрацювання мовленнєвих формул “Побажання”.

I wish you and your family health (happiness, success). – Бажаю Вам і Вашій сім'ї здоров'я, (щастя, успіхів).

Best Wishes! – Найкращі побажання!

My best wishes to you! – Найкращі побажання!

May all your dreams come true! – Хай здійсняться всі Ваші мрії!

Have a good holiday (journey)! – Бажаю гарного відпочинку (подорожі)!

1. Translate the following.

Вітаю Вас з Днем народження. Бажаю, щоб всі Ваші мрії здійснилися.

Вітаю Вас з Жіночим днем. Бажаю успіхів в роботі та щастя в житті.

Бажаю Вам всього найкращого. Сподіваюсь, що Ви відразу напишете нам про себе.

Вітаю Вас з отриманням премії. Бажаю вам подальших успіхів.

2. Congratulate your friend on the following (adding a few words suitable for the occasion):

Model. You have done so well at the examination. Congratulations! I hope you will be as successful at the next one.

1. her (his) birthday;

2. moving into a new flat;

3. winning the basket-ball championship;

4. the New Year;

5. making a good report;

6. the wedding.

6. Виконання квізів.

7. Робота з текстом за фахом.

8. Самостійне опрацювання матеріалу:

- опрацювати опорний текст “Kyiv Rus”;

- скласти всі типи питальних речень до тексту;

- опрацюйте текст за фахом;

- скласти діалоги з використанням мовленнєвих формул.

Текст

Kyiv Rus

1. Review the following words.

To unearth – розкопувати, Cimmerians – кіммерійці, Scythian – скіф, Slav – слов'янин, слов'янка, Varangian – варяг, primogeniture – первородство, strife – боротьба, horde – орда, полчище, amber – янтар, paganism – язичництво, apex – вершина, to bear witness to – бути свідком, medieval – середньовічний, a merchant – купець, to baptize – хрестити, Orthodox – православний.

2. Read and translate the text.

One of the planet's oldest human settlements, separated from our time by 800,000 years, was unearthed in the territory of present-day Ukraine near Korolyove, a village in Transcarpathia. In 1899 the world came to know about the Trypillya culture which appeared in the mid-fourth millennium B.C.

The coming centuries saw the formation of new ethnic and cultural communities in Ukraine. Written sources mention the Cimmerians, the Taurians, the Scythians, the Antes and the Slavs.

Over a thousand years ago, on the vast expanses stretching from the Carpathian Mountains in the west to the Volga-River in the east, from the Black Sea in the south to the White Sea in the north, appeared one of the largest and mightiest medieval powers, Kyiv Rus.

The biggest cities were Novgorod and Kyiv. Both were built on the great river-road which led from the Baltic to the Black Sea and Constantinople. Merchants carried amber from the shores of the Baltic Sea and sold it at a high price in Constantinople and the Mediterranean lands. That is why this trade route has sometimes been called the amber road.

Varangians who invaded Rus came from Norway. As Nestor says people of Novgorod sent an invitation to a distant Varangian prince called Rurik to come and govern them.

Rurik brought an army with him, and he governed Novgorod and made it strong. Two of his companions, Askold and Dir, went farther down the amber road and became rulers of Kyiv.

In 882, the most legendary Prince Oleh the Seer, Rurik's son, defeated Kyiv Princes Askold and Dir. He rallied round Kyiv the Slavic tribes of Eastern Europe. “Let Kyiv be Mother of Rus cities”, he said as the chronicle reads.

Under the first Kyiv Princes Oleh the Seer, Ihor the Elder and Svyatoslav the Warrior Kyiv Rus became a strong power in Eastern Europe. In 955, Kyiv Princess Olha was baptized at Constantinopol. The Eastern Orthodox faith was introduced in Rus by Prince Volodymyr the Great. He ruled from 980 to 1,015 and replaced the traditional paganism of Slavs with the Byzantine trend of Christianity. The first ceremony of baptism took place in 988.

It was under Prince Volodymyr the Great and Prince Yaroslav the Wise (1019-1054) that Kyiv Rus reached its apex, becoming a major factor in European politics. To ensure the unity of his state, Yaroslav introduced primogeniture.

According to the Rus Primary Chronicle, the founders of Kyiv were the brothers Kyi, Shchek, and Khoryv, leaders of the Slavonic Polianian tribe. The city was named after the eldest, Kyi. The memory of the other two brothers has been preserved in the names of two hills – Shchekavytsia and Khorevytsia – and in the names of the streets. Kyiv was founded in the latter half of the 5th, or the early 6th century. During the reign of Volodymyr the Great Kyiv consisted of two parts – the fortified Upper City and Podil, the lower part. In the upper part of the city lived the prince and his retainers – the boyars and the prince's bodyguard. Podil was inhabited by artisans, fishermen and merchants.

At this time the construction of brick buildings decorated with wall painting and mosaics was begun in Kyiv. The brick Desiatynna (Tithe) Church was among these buildings. It was so called because Prince Volodymyr contributed one-tenth of his income to the construction and maintenance of this church.

During the reign of Yaroslav the Wise three gates led to the city. The remains of only one of them, the brick Golden Gates, have come down to us. In 1037 the foundation was laid for the magnificent Sophia Cathedral, which formed the architectural center of the new “Yaroslav's City”.

Considerable progress was noted in the development of Rus culture the center of which was Kyiv. It was during this period that the first schools were built. Literacy began to spread among the princes, boyars, clergy and rich citizens.

3. Translate the following words and word-combinations into English.

Найстаріше поселення, торгівельний шлях, завойовувати, православна віра, розквіт, встановити первородство, племена, уламки собору, величний собор.

4. Translate the following words and word-combinations into Ukrainian.

A leader of the tribe, one-tenth of income, to maintain the church, to contribute, an architectural centre, to be named after, ethnic and cultural community, an amber road, to reach the apex, to ensure the unity.

5. Agree or disagree to the matter of these statements.

1. Prince Yaroslav the Wise baptised Rus.

2. Varangian prince Rurik invaded Rus and became a ruler of Kyiv.

3. Kyiv Rus stretched from the Carpathian Mountains to the Volga River, from the Black Sea to the White Sea.

4. Primogeniture was introduced by Yaroslav the Wise in order to ensure the unity of his state.

5. Price Volodymyr contributed one-tenth of his income to build the Tithe Church.

6. The capital of Ukraine appeared in the mid-fourth millennium B.C.

6. Write the following sentences in the interrogative and negative.

1. During the reign of Volodymyr the Great Kyiv consisted of two parts – the fortified Upper City and Podil, the lower part.

2. Considerable progress was noted in the development of Rus culture the center of which was Kyiv.

3. The founders of Kyiv were the brothers Kyi, Shchek, and Khoryv, leaders of the Slavonic Polianian tribe.

4. Kyiv was founded in the latter half of the 5^th, or the early 6^th century.

5. Podil was inhabited by artisans, fishermen and merchants.

7. Complete the sentences.

1. Medieval state Kyiv Rus stretched ... .

2. Kyiv was founded by… .

3. Novgorod and Kyiv were built … .

4. Constantinople merchants sold … .

5. The trade route was called amber road because … .

8. Translate from Ukrainian into English.

1. Володимир Великий охрестив Русь.

2. Ольга прийняла християнство в Константинополі.

3. За часів правління князів Олега та Ігоря Київська Русь стала могутньою державою Східної Європи.

4. Племена кімерійців, скіфів, слов'ян населяли територію Київської Русі.

5. Київ було названо в честь старшого брата Кия.