6.What is chicken pox, its cause, way of transmission, symptoms, treatment and complication?

Chickenpox is a highly contagious illness caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV), a type of herpes virus, characterized by an itchy rash on the face, scalp and trunk with red spots and tiny fluid-filled blisters that dry and become scabs four to five days later The first symptoms of chickenpox often are a fever, a headache, and a sore throat

Chickenpox is transmitted from person to person by directly touching the blisters, saliva or mucus of an infected person. The virus can also be transmitted through the air by coughing and sneezing. .

These complications include bacterial infections of skin blisters, pneumonia, and encephalitis (inflammation of the brain)

The first symptoms of chickenpox often are a fever, a headache, and a sore throat.

7.What is Diphtheria, its cause, way of transmission, symptoms, treatment and complication?

Diphtheria is a bacterial infection that characterized by the formation of a fibrinous pseudomembrane upon the mucosa usually that of the respiratory tract.It is caused by Corunebacterium Diphtheriae.

Diphtheria is spread by infected secretions of the nose and throat expelled by persons who have the disease in a preclinical and postclinical phase.

Respiratory diphtheria presents as a sore throat with low-grade fever and an adherent pseudomembrane of the tonsils, pharynx, or nose. Neck swelling is usually present in severe disease. 

The effective treatment of diphtheria involves the early administration of diphtheria antitoxin. Antibiotics are also recommended in the treatment of diphtheria

Myocarditis, polyneuritis, and airway obstruction are common complications of respiratory diphtheria

8.What is tb?What are its form?

TB is an infectious disease caused by various strains of mycobacteria usually Mucobacterium tuberculosis.All cases of TB are passed from person to person to via droplets.TB can be active, when immune system is unable to stop bacteria from causing illness and latent (it means that immune system is able to stop bacteria from causing illness.

Tuberculosis can be pulmonary:

• Primary tuberculosis pneumonia (present as pneumonia and is very infectious)

• Tuberculosis pleurisy(usually develops soon after initial infection. A granuloma located at the edge of the lung ruptures into the pleural space, the space between the lungs and the chest wall.)

• Cavitary TB(Cavitary TB involves the upper lobes of the lung. The bacteria cause progressive lung destruction by forming cavities, or enlarged air spaces.)

• Miliary or disseminated TB("Miliary" describes the appearance on chest x-ray of very small nodules throughout the lungs that look like millet seeds. Miliary TB can occur shortly after primary infection.)

• Laryngeal TB(TB can infect the larynx, or the vocal chord area. It is extremely infectious)

And extrapulmonary (This type of tuberculosis occurs primarily in immunocompromised patients,It involves organs outside the lungs.)