
- •Isbn 978-5-98089-023-0
- •1. What is the world trade organization?
- •It’s a set of rules …
- •2. Principles of the trading system
- •1. Most-favoured-nation (mfn): treating other people equally
- •2. National treatment: Treating foreigners and locals equally
- •3. The gatt years
- •4. Whose wto is it anyway?
- •Vanuatu
- •10 Benefits of the wto trading system
- •Introduction
- •1. The system helps to keep the peace
- •International confidence and
- •Its officials that the country should accede to the wto.
- •2. The system allows disputes to be handled constructively
- •3. A system based on rules rather than power
- •1. Open the brackets using the Subjunctive II Present:
- •2. Compose sentences with the phrases below using the Subjunctive
- •II Present and the Present Conditional. Mind the voice (active,
- •4. Freer trade cuts the cost of living
- •Verbs-forming suffixes
- •1. Find in the text (4th benefit of the wto) all the cases of the
- •2. Complete the sentences using the Subjunctive II Present and the
- •5. It gives consumers more choice,
- •6. Trade raises incomes
- •7. Trade stimulates economic growth, and that can be
- •8. The basic principles make the system economically
- •9. The system shields governments from narrow interests
- •10. The system encourages good government
- •1. Compose sentences with the phrases below. Use the mixed type
- •2. Open the brackets using all types of Subjunctive II and the
- •International monetary fund
- •Imf activities
- •Imf governance and organization
- •Imf surveillance flow chart
- •1. Read the article.
- •2. Answer the questions on the article:
- •3. Speak on the message of the text.
- •4. Render the article in English.
- •International bank for
- •International bank for reconstruction and
- •Into two teams – ibrd representatives and journalists. First, one
- •International development association
- •Ida at work
- •Ida borrowers
- •Ida funding
- •Ida history
- •Infinitive as Object
- •Infinitive as Adverbial Modifier
- •International Secretariat
- •Icc has urged negotiators to create the enabling frameworks to help
- •Icc is urging governments to make major investments in agriculture
- •In written form:
- •Integrated Access To Global Derivatives Markets
- •Independence
- •1. Comprehensive
- •2. Weighted
- •3. Readily Available
- •4. The Most Appropriate Benchmark
- •International Organizations
- •International Economic Organizations
Icc is urging governments to make major investments in agriculture
to increase productivity while enhancing biodiversity.
As the search intensifies for ways to
tame soaring food prices, the
International Chamber of Commerce is
urging COP-9 negotiators to consider
multiple solutions as the most effective
way to spread sustainable agricultural
practices needed to feed a growing
world population.
“A one-size-fits-all solution does not exist, but there are many effective
strategies and they must be supported and replicated to become part of
the agricultural mainstream,” said ICC Secretary General Guy Sebban.
“Business and industry are contributing their expertise at COP-9 to
address the challenges of agriculture and biodiversity,” he added.
139
To that end, ICC is urging governments to make major investments in
agriculture to increase productivity while enhancing biodiversity on
farms, and where necessary, to put in place an institutional framework
that supports business engagement and investment in sustainable
agricultural technologies and practices.
“Governments need to provide support mechanisms, including
payments for ecosystem services and for maintaining agricultural
landscapes. After all, farmers are custodians of the world’s agricultural
biodiversity,” said Jack Wilkinson, President of the International
Federation of Agricultural Producers.
Mr. Wilkinson will be a keynote speaker during an ICC panel
discussion that will take place on
22 May, to celebrate International Biodiversity Day, which this year
focuses on biodiversity and agriculture. During this side event,
panelists will showcase ways that farmers and the private sector can
contribute to raising agricultural output while integrating biodiversity
conservation.
Since the 1960s, agricultural technologies from plant breeding and
nutrition, to irrigation and pest management, have dramatically raised
major crop yields some two to three-fold and prevented the destruction
of vast amounts of natural habitat, as yields increased on the land
already cropped. In addition, integrated crop management, a holistic
approach using methods such as creating field margins, and effective
water and energy management, have also proven to be highly effective
and attuned to the complex environment of agricultural ecosystems.
“Managing land in a sensible way by replicating tested and proven
solutions is the way to achieve agricultural intensification sustainably,”
said Annik Dollacker, Co-Chair of ICC’s Task Force on the
Convention on Biological Diversity.
“Despite the warning bells ringing on food security, the good news is
that there is enormous potential to increase agricultural outputs, as
yields differ significantly among regions of the world,” she added.
“The private sector urges an all-out effort by the international
140
community. Let us share what we know and build on the best.”
In discussions with negotiators at COP-9, an ICC delegation will also
emphasize:
-site-specific biodiversity measures to manage ecosystems
-more investment in improved varieties and technologies
-market mechanisms to boost participation by farmers, suppliers, and
other key actors
-capacity building programs and incentives for farmers on sound
agricultural management
ICC will be the lead representative of business at COP-9 with a
delegation of 40 members from companies and business associations.
The world business organization has been involved in the negotiations
towards the creation of an international framework for biodiversity
since the Convention on Biological Diversity negotiations began.
For further information, please contact :
Maria Solis
Communications Department
Tel: +33 1 49 53 29 07
TASKS
Task 1. Give Russian equivalents for the following phrases:
to tame soaring food prices
to consider multiple solutions
to address the challenges of agriculture
to be custodians
to be a keynote speaker
to consider multiple solutions
to feed a growing world population
to support business engagement and investment
to showcase ways
to boost participation by farmers
141
Task 2. Answer the questions on the article:
1. Why is the International Chamber of Commerce urging COP-9
negotiators to consider multiple solutions?
2. When will an ICC panel discussion take place?
3. What methods are used for effective water and energy
management?
4. Why is managing land in a sensible way a question of utmost
importance?
5. What key issues will be emphasized in discussions with
negotiators?
Task 3. Underline the key words in each passage.
Task 4. Translate the following sentences from English into Russian