1. Compose sentences with the phrases below. Use the mixed type
of Conditional and Subjunctive moods:
1. a) not to restrict imports (last year);
b) to fail to support the economic sector (now).
2. a) not to escalate (about protectionism) (this year);
b) not to retaliate by raising trade barriers (in the past).
3. a) to reject the protectionist pressure on their own (always);
b) not to apply to the WTO for help to ward off powerful lobbies (2
years ago).
4. a) not to limit supply of products (about quotas on imports) (in
general);
b) not to lead to artificial price rises and create abnormally large
profits (in the past).
5. a) not to damage so many economies in the 1930s;
b) to be a wise and beneficial activity (always).
2. Open the brackets using all types of Subjunctive II and the
Conditional mood:
1. She (not to lose) all her life savings now if she (not to entrust)
them to the brokerage house.
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2. In case the business (to find) itself seriously short of cash it (can
ask) its creditors for a moratorium on debt payments.
3. If banks (not to modify) their traditional role they (not to be able)
now to offer mortgages, pensions, and other financial services.
4. But for the series of natural disasters last year the insurance
market (not to suffer) huge losses.
5. I wish the Bank’s refusal to cut interest rates (not to have) a
negative effect on the economy.
6. Suppose the jury (to find) the company guilty of gross
negligence, the dead man’s family (to be awarded)
compensation?
7. It is as if he (to be nominated) as vice chairman.
8. If I (to be) you I (to negotiate) a new contract with the sellers and
now (to prepare) for a new deal.
9. If it (to be) not for oil fields in the North Sea, Britain (not to be) a
net exporter of oil, though a small one.
10. The increase in lending to stimulate the economy (to work)
provided companies and individuals (not to be) already
overborrowed.
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MODULE 2
International monetary fund
www.imf.org
a. The IMF at a Glance – A Factsheet
b. Dominique Strauss-Kahn (Managing Director, IMF)
c. Rendering Activity: Парижский клуб кредиторов
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THE IMF AT A GLANCE
A FACTSHEET
The International Monetary Fund was created in 1945 to help promote
the health of the world economy through international monetary
cooperation. Headquartered in Washington DC, it is governed by and
accountable to the governments of the 185 countries that make up its
global membership.
What is the International Monetary Fund?
The International Monetary Fund–also known as the “IMF” or the
“Fund”–was conceived at a United Nations conference convened in
Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, U.S. in July 1944. The 45
governments represented at that conference sought to build a
framework for economic cooperation that would avoid a repetition of
the vicious circle of competitive devaluations that had contributed to
the Great Depression of the 1930s.
Fast Facts on the IMF
Current membership: 185 countries
Staff: approximately 2,490 from 143 countries
Total Quotas: $352 billion (as of 5/31/08)
Loans outstanding (as of 5/31/08): $19.4 billion to 65 countries, of
which $6.4 billion to 57 countries on concessional terms
Field delivery of technical assistance: 186.2 person years during
FY2008
Surveillance consultations concluded: 123 countries during FY2008, of
which 115 voluntarily published information on their consultation.
Article I of the Articles of Agreement sets out the IMF's main
responsibilities:
promoting international monetary cooperation;
facilitating the expansion and balanced growth of international
trade;
promoting exchange stability;
assisting in the establishment of a multilateral system of payments;
and
making its resources available (with adequate safeguards) to
members experiencing balance of payments difficulties.
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