Тема 1.3 у дорозі. На вокзалі

Questions:

1. At the road

2.Grammar. The Adjectives

3.Exercises

Рекомендована література

1. Словник.

2. Граматика англійської мови.

3. Буданов С.Ш., Борисова А.О. Ділова англійська мова. – Харків: «ТОРСІНГ ПЛЮС», 2005. – 128 с.

Самостійна робота

1. Read and translate the text.

Human beings are very inquisitive and like discovering different places. That is why people all over the world like to travel around the globe. It is not so interesting for them to see the world on TV today. It is precious to see it by their own.

And when people come to beautiful beaches and sparkling blue waters, they understand it is really the amazing thing they wanted to see. There are countless adventures within reach on cruise vacation. There are many cruise companies in the world, and each of these companies can provide you a qualified service.

During the cruise people live in comfortable cabins. During sea days when a cruise liner is in the open sea, people can take sunbathes, swim in the swimming pools, play fools in the slide or promenade around the ship visiting different decks. You can rent a cabin for two, four, six persons.

Cruise companies offer different tours during which you can discover the inhabitants of a coral reef on a glass-bottomed boat, go horseback riding on the beach, go mountain biking rain forests, explore ancient civilizations as you climb mysterious pyramids or snorkel with stingrays and dive 800 feet down in a research submarine. Days onboard are casual but full of joy and new impressions. But don't forget your camera and binoculars, so you don't miss a thing.

Adventures are endless in this area. People can relax on a cruise surrounded by the white-sand beaches and beautiful turquoise waters of the most beautiful islands on the earth, find and visit tropical places where nature brings striking mountains and pristine beaches.

Such islands are home to rich culture and complex histories. There are archaic ruins, beaches, rain forests and many waterfalls. Here you can find new friends and buy a lot of souvenirs.

1. Answer the questions.

1. Why do people like travelling?

2. What adventures can you have while travelling on a cruise ship?

3. Where do people live during the cruise?

4. Where can you go during sea days?

5. What kind of tours do cruise companies offer?

6. What can you go sightseeing when you are on a cruise vacation?

The Degrees of Comparison of Adjectives.

Утворення

Вищий та найвищий ступені порівняння прикметників утворюються за схемою:Прикметник Вищий Найвищий

Одно- чи двоскладовий, наприклад cheap cheaper (the) cheapest

У якому два чи більше складів, наприклад expensive more expensive (the) most expensive

Запам’ятай!

Ці прикметники утворюють ступені порівняння не за загальною схемою:

good (гарний) better (the) best

bad (поганий) worse (the) worst

far (далекий) farther/ (the) farthest/

further furthest

Прикметники elder, eldest, утворені від old (старий), вживають для позначення членів однієї родини: my elder brother (мій старший брат). Порівняй: my older friend (мій старший товариш).

Правопис:

Кінцева -е основи прикметника випадає перед -er, -est: nice — nicer, nicest, large — larger, largest.

Кінцева -y основи прикметника випадає перед -er, -estпісля приголосної, наприклад, pretty — prettier, prettiest.

Кінцевий приголосний основи подвоюється перед -er, -est, якщо йому передує голосний: hot — hotter, hottest, big — bigger, biggest.

Односкладові та багатоскладові прикметники

Односкладові прикметники (small, nice) мають зазвичай закінчення -er, -est:

Your desk is smaller. (Твоя парта менша.)

I have a bigger ball. (У мене є більший м’яч.)

This is the warmest autumn. (Це найтепліша осінь.)

That is the nicest girl. (То найкраща дівчина.)

Перед прикметниками, які закінчуються на -ed, вживають more, most незалежно від кількості складів:

Our teacher was the most pleased at the results of the test. (Наш учитель був найбільше задоволений результатами тесту.)

Трискладові та довші прикметники утворюють ступені порівняння за допомогою more, most: The film was more interesting than the play. (Фільм був більш цікавим, ніж вистава.)

The first lesson was the most interesting. (Перший урок був найцікавішим.)Запам’ятай!

Деякі двоскладові прикметники можуть утворювати вищий та найвищий ступені порівняння двома способами.

Наприклад: clever (розумний) — cleverer, cleverest та more clever, most clever.

Ступені порівняння лише зі словами more, most утворюють такі прикметники:

— що закінчуються на -ful, -less: careful (уважний), useful (корисний), hopeless (безнадійний);

— що закінчуються на -ing, -ed, наприклад, boring (нудний), surprised (здивований);

— прикметники-винятки: afraid (наляканий), certain (впевнений), correct (правильний), exact (точний), famous (відомий), foolish (дурний), normal (нормальний)

EXERCISES

Exercise 1

Put the following into the correct order.

1) suede / Italian / new / red / soft / shoes 2) elderly / tall / Englishman 3) oval / Venetian / ancient / valuable / glass 4) shiny / large / expensive / brown / leather / case 5) square / wooden / old / nice / table 6) modern / stone / large / beautiful / cottage 7) porcelain / tea / blue / thin / old / cup 8) young / blonde / handsome / tall / man 9) old / several / English / beautiful / castles

10) pretty / French / young / a lot of / girls 11) dark blue / best / silk / my / shirt 12) young / many / factory / German / workers

Exercise 2

Choose the right word.

1. I don't like horror films. I think they are (frightening/frightened) and (boring/bored). 2. Don't look so (surprising/surprised). Of course, it war a (surprising/surprised) decision but we had no other out. 3. It was a (tiring/tired) journey. I wish I hadn't it. I feel completely (exhausting/exhausted) aftes 4. The football match was (disappointing/disappointed). Our team lost the game and we left the stadium qtiite (disappointing/disappointed). 5. He can't remember his pupils' names. It seemed funny at first, but now it is rather (embarrassing/embarrassed). 6. So far as Mrs. Brown was concerned she did not seem to be in the least (embarrassing/embarrassed). 7. He did not come and she 'looked rather (worrying/worried). 8. The rise in crime is (depressing/depressed). 9. The pictures made a (depressing/depressed) impression on him. 10. She is not (satisfying/satisfied) with her position.

Exercise 3

Complete the sentences with the words from the box using the proper degree.

Busy few famous convenient well-read kind-hearted straight hot

1. She is easy to deal with. I think she is___than her sister. 2.1 suppose the works of this artist are___ abroad than in his country. 3. This armchair is___of all. 4. He knows a lot. He is___than his schoolmates. 5. Let's take this path. It's___. 6. The street you live in is___than mine. 7. Days are getting___in July. 8, He made___mistakes in his class.

Exercise 4.

Match the adjectives on the left with their definitions on the right.

1) further a) after some time

2) farther b) the second of two

things or persons already mentioned

3) last c) the smallest

4) latter d) coming immediately

after, in space or in order

5) elder e) additional

6) nearer f) at a greater distance

7) next g) least good

8) least h) coming after all others

in time or order

9) later i) senior of members of

the family

10) worst j) closer

Exercise 5

Open the brackets and use the comparative form of the adjectives and adverbs.

1. This exercise is (simple) than that one. 2. Why are you talking? Please be (quiet). 3. New districts of Moscow are (beautiful) than the old ones. 4. He is (clever) than his brother. 5. My (old) sister is 4 years (old) than me. 6. There are (many) customers on Saturdays than on weekdays. 7. Are expensive things (good) than cheap ones? 8. Is English grammar (difficult) than Russian grammar? 9. He has made (few) mistakes than yesterday. 10. She had to give us (far) information though she didn't want to. 11. Students from Group 3 are (industrious) than those from Group 1.12. Нал с you met our new colleagues, Mr Brown, and Mr. Green? The former is an excellent economist, (late) is a good lawyer. 13. They have got down to business without any (far) delay. 14. This matter is (urgent) than that one. 15. He plays tennis (bad) than she. 16. He's got a still (old) edition ef this book. 17. Is there a (late) train passing here? 18. (far) details will be given tomorrow. 19. Sparrows are (сопшюъ) than any other birds. 20. Motor-cycles are (noisy) than cars, aren't they?