
- •Matters at law and other matters английский язык для юристов учебник
- •Ответственный редактор:
- •Рецензенты:
- •Предисловие
- •Содержание
- •Unit 1. Law and society
- •History of law
- •It is the spirit and not the form of law that keeps justice alive.
- •Common Law and Civil Law
- •Animals as defendants
- •Kinds of Law
- •Unit 2. Violence
- •Crimes against humanity
- •Terrorism
- •Определение международного терроризма и методики борьбы с ним
- •Политика сша в области борьбы с международным терроризмом
- •Description
- •If you have any information concerning this person, please contact your local fbi office or the nearest american embassy or consulate.
- •Caution
- •If you have any information concerning this person, please contact your local fbi office or the nearest u.S. Embassy or consulate.
- •Description
- •Caution
- •If you have any information concerning this person, please contact your local fbi office or the nearest american embassy or consulate.
- •(C) Разыскивается
- •(D) Помощь следствию
- •Unit 3. Human rights
- •The european convention on human rights
- •Domestic violence
- •Society prepares the crime; the criminal commits it.
- •Justice not excuses
- •Whoever profits by the crime is guilty of it.
- •Unit 4. Crime detection
- •C rime Detection
- •From the history of fingerprinting…
- •Fingerprint evidence is used to solve a British murder case
- •Genetic fingerprinting
- •Dna evidence as evidence in criminal trials in England and Wales
- •The sentence of this court is...
- •Capital Punishment: Inevitability of Error
- •These are all little known facts about the system dealing with inmates, prisons and the law in the usa
- •Medvedev to head Russian anti-corruption council
- •If poverty is the mother of crimes, want of sense is the father.
- •Organized crime constitutes nothing less than a guerilla war against society.
- •I’m proud of the fact that I never invented weapons to kill.
- •Avoiding e-mail Fraud
- •Формирование прав потребителей. Донохью против Стивенсона
- •The causes of crime
- •The causes of crime Part II
- •The causes of crime Part III
- •The causes of crime Part IV
- •Unit 5. Juvenile delinquency
- •From the history of juvenile delinquency. Causes of delinquency
- •Сравнительный анализ законодательства об аресте в уголовном процессе сша и России
- •The juvenile justice system. Treatment of juvenile delinquents
- •Unit 1. Central features of the british law system
- •British Constitution
- •M agna Carta
- •History of the “Great Charter”
- •The Bill of Rights
- •From the History of the Bill of Rights
- •Habeas Corpus
- •C onstitutional Conventions in Britain
- •Key principles of British Constitution
- •The Supremacy of Parliament
- •The rule of law
- •Sources of english law
- •How Judicial Precedent Works
- •Parts of the judgment
- •The hierarchy of the courts
- •The Court Structure of Her Majesty's Courts Service (hmcs)
- •Unit 2. U.S. Courts
- •The judicial system of the usa
- •The us Constitution
- •Historical influences
- •Influences on the Bill of Rights
- •Unit 3. The jury
- •From the Juror’s Handbook (New York Court System)
- •Introduction
- •Common questions of jurors
- •Is it true that sometimes jurors are not allowed to go home until after the trial is over? Is this common?
- •Is possible to report for jury service but not sit on a jury?
- •Famous American Trials The o. J. Simpson Trial 1995
- •Selection of the Jury
- •Unit 4. Family law
- •Family Law
- •P arent and Child
- •Surrogacy
- •Adoption
- •Protection of children from abuse, exploitation, neglect and trafficking
- •Children’s rights
- •If we desire respect for the law, we must first make the law respectable.
- •Money often costs too much.
- •Consequences of child marriage
- •Unit 6. Police and the public
- •The Police in Britain t he definition of policing
- •Origins of policing
- •The world's first modern police force 1829
- •The police and the public
- •T he Stefan Kizsko case
- •The organization of the police force
- •Facts from the history of prisons
- •Improvements
- •Из интервью с главным государственным санитарным врачом Федеральной службы исполнения наказаний (фсин) России Владимиром Просиным (2009г.)
- •Law: the child’s detention
- •What does the law say?
- •Legal articles quotations
- •Information in language understood
- •What does the law say?
- •Inadmissible under article 6(3)(a) and (b)
- •Conclusion
- •Law and relevant articles quotations
- •Law and relevant articles quotations
- •Inhuman or degrading treatment
- •Facts. Handcuffed in public
- •Law and relevant articles quotations
- •Legal documents universal declaration of human rights
- •Declaration on the Rights of Persons Belonging to National or Ethnic,
- •21 February 1992, by the un Commission on Human Rights, reprinted
- •In Report of the Working Group on the Rights of Persons Belonging to
- •Article 1
- •Article 2
- •Article 3
- •Article 4
- •Short history of us civil procedure
- •The legal profession
- •Legal education
- •U.S. Courts
- •Virginia’s Judicial System
- •Virginia’s Judicial System (continued)
- •American law in the twentieth century
- •Criminal justice
- •The death penalty
- •Legal profession and legal ethics
- •Legal education
- •History of islamic law
- •History of islamic law qur’anic legislation
- •Legal practice in the first century of islam
- •Legal practice in medieval islam
- •Religious law and social progress in contemporary islam
Unit 1. Central features of the british law system
Useful Words and Expressions for Speech Practice |
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case law – прецедентное право common law – общее право (Англии), обычное право; некодифицированное право; неписаный закон a party to a legal action – сторона по делу action – обвинение, иск; судебный процесс to start / to bring / to enter / to lay an action against smb – возбудить дело против кого-либо а dissatisfied party – недовольная сторона to pass / to give / to render judgement (on smb) – выносить судебное решение / приговор (кому-либо) a litigant – сторона в судебном процессе |
equity – справедливость, право справедливости (дополнение к обычному праву) Сourt of Equity – суд совести, суд, решающий дела, основываясь на праве справедливости to exercise equity jurisdiction – отправлять правосудие в рамках права справедливости statute law – писаный закон (противоположный common law) civil code – гражданский кодекс to try a case – рассматривать дело trial – судебное разбирательство; судебный процесс |
TASK 1. Study the text below, making sure you fully comprehend it. Where appropriate, consult English-Russian dictionaries and/or other reference & source books on law.
British Constitution
T
he
British constitution has evolved over many centuries. Unlike the
constitutions of America, France and many Commonwealth countries, the
British constitution has not been assembled at any time into a
single, consolidated document. Instead it is made up of common law,
statute law, conventions etc.
Of all the democratic countries in the world, only Israel is comparable to Britain in having no single document codifying the way its political institutions function and setting out the basic rights and duties of its citizens. Britain does, however, have certain important constitutional documents, including the Magna Carta (1215) which protects the rights of the community against the Crown; the Bill of Rights (1689) which extended the powers of Parliament, making it impracticable for the Sovereign to ignore the wishes of the Government; and the Reform Act (1832), which reformed the system of parliamentary representation. Common law as a constitutional source has never been precisely defined - it is deduced from custom or legal precedents and interpreted in court cases by judges. Conventions are another source of Constitution. They are rules and practices which are not legally enforceable, but which are regarded as indispensable to the working of government. Many conventions are derived from the historical events through which the British system of government has evolved. One convention is that Ministers are responsible and can be held to account for what happens in their Departments.
Unlike constitutions that make explicit provision for their amendment and are often difficult to change, the English constitution may be changed easily. It may be altered, and in the past it has been altered, through the slow accretion of custom, by an act of Parliament, or by judicial interpretation.
The
flexibility of the British constitution helps to explain why it has
developed so fully over the years. However, since Britain joined the
European Community
in 1973, the rulings of the
European Court of Human Justice
have increasingly determined and codified sections of British law in
those areas (covered by the various treaties) to which Britain is a
party. In the process British constitutional and legal arrangements
are beginning to resemble those of Europe.
Answer the following questions:
1) What type of Constitution does Great Britain have?
2) What is the structure of British Constitution?
3) What are the advantages of unwritten Constitution?
Compare the British and Russian Constitutions (flexibility and alteration, protection of human rights, etc.)
TASK 2. Translate into English:
Отличительной характеристикой британской Конституции является отсутствие какого-либо единого документа, который можно было бы назвать основным законом страны. Более того, не существует даже точного перечня документов, которые бы относились к Конституции.
Это вызвано особым (по сравнению с другими странами Европы) характером права Великобритании, которое относится к англо-саксонской системе. Отличительной особенностью этой системы является использование в качестве источника права судебного прецедента, а также длительным самостоятельным развитием британского права.
Выделяют несколько составляющих Конституции: статутное право, общее право, конституционные соглашения, которым соответствуют следующие источники права: статуты, судебные прецеденты и конституционные соглашения.
В праве Великобритании отсутствует различие между «конституционным» и «текущим» законом — действует общий порядок принятия и изменения законов, что определяет «гибкий» характер основного закона, возможность его модификации без прохождения сложной процедуры изменения или дополнения, как в других странах (принятие на референдуме или большинством в парламенте и пр.).
Конституция Великобритании, в отличие от многих других документов конституционного британского права, является единой для Соединенного Королевства Англии, Уэльса, Шотландии и Северной Ирландии.
TASK 3. Match the following words and expressions and define them:
1. written constitution 2. political conventions 3. explicit |
a. implied b. written law c. unwritten constitution |
TASK 4. Study the text below, making sure you fully comprehend it.