Повелительное наклонение (the imperative mood)

Повелительное наклонение выражает побуждение к действию, т. е. приказание, просьбу, совет, запрещение, команду и т. п. Утвердительная форма повелительного наклонения совпадает с формой инфинитива без частицы to:

Stand up! - Встань (те)! Answer! - Отвечай (те)! Go on reading! - Продолжай (те) читать!

Для выражения приказания, просьбы и т.п., обращенных к 1-му и 3-му лицу, употребляется глагол let; за глаголом let следует прямое дополнение (выраженное существительным в общем падеже или личным местоимением в объектном падеже), обозначающее лицо, к которому относится приказание или просьба, и инфинитив смыслового глагола без частицы to:

Let him answer!

Пусть он отвечает (дайте, позвольте ему ответить)!

Let that student go on!

Пусть тот студент продолжает!

Let's (let us) begin! Давайте начнем!

Отрицательная форма повелительного наклонения образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола to do в повелительном наклонении и отрицательной частицы not - do not (сокращенная форма don't) и инфинитива смыслового глагола без частицы to:

Don't go there! He ходи (те) туда!

Don't let him be late! Пусть он не опаздывает!

Don't let them smoke here!

Пусть они не курят здесь. (Не позволяйте, не давайте им курить здесь)

Exercise 15 2 teams.

Team 1: Close your eyes. If you hear your name, do what you are asked.

Team 2: Address any student from Team 1 and ask them to do or not to do smth.

Example. – Andrew, stand up.

No, Andrew, don’t stand up, sit down.

Mary, touch your nose.

Olga, put your left hand up.

Helen, say “Hello”

Michael, hop.

Alex, walk around.

Exercise 16

Translate the following sentences from Russian into English

1. Покажите нам свои работы.

2. Не пользуйтесь словарями на экзамене.

3. Не забудьте сделать домашнюю работу.

4. Подумайте о своем будущем.

5. Помоги мне перевести эту статью.

6. Не опаздывайте на занятие.

7. Давайте обсудим его фильм.

8. Пусть они делают, что хотят.

9. Давайте сегодня пойдем в кино.

10. Не бойтесь камеры. Будьте спокойны и естественны.

Present Simple

Простое настоящее время употребляется для выражения регулярно повторяющегося действия, а также для описания общеизвестных фактов и законов природы.

Спряжение глаголов в Present simple

Утвердительное предложение		Отрицательное предложение		Вопросительное предложение
I play You play He plays She plays	We play You play They play	I do not play You do not play He does not play She does not play	We do not play You do not play They do not play	Do I play? Do you play? Does he play? (What) Does she play?	Do we play? Do you play? Do they play?

Exercise 17.Open the brackets, using Present Simple.

e.g. She (to like) reading very much – She likes reading very much

1. She (to learn) English.

2. I (to like) cinema.

3. My brother (to be) a school-boy. He (to go) to school.

4. Michael (to do) his lessons every day.

5. She (to live) in this house.

6. After winter exams my sister (to go) to Paris.

7. We often (to visit) Moscow museums.

8. This student (to sing) very well.

9. My father (to work) at the studio.

10. We usually (to watch) new Russian films on Thursday.

Exercise 18. Make the following sentences negative, using Present Simple.

e.g. We study at the Conservatoire – We don`t study at the Conservatoire.

1. He goes to the university every day.

2. My sister works at the Mosfilm studios.

8. He plays the piano every day.

9. I often visit my master.

11. She gets up at seven o’clock.

13. We go to the cinema on Saturdays.

14. He wants to become a producer.

15. My brother watches television every night.

Exercise 19. Ask general questions and give short answers to them – “Yes” or “No”.

e.g. We often go to the theatre – Do you often go to the theatre? – Yes, we do.

1. I always watch talk-shows at 8 p.m.

2. He usually goes to the park on Sunday.

3. This director likes to shoot on location.

4. This actress hopes to get the main role.

5. They usually take part in crowd scenes.

6. I often write essays.

7. We always play in student films.

8. This artist usually paints landscapes.

9. She dances in a modern ballet.

10. You often take photos for you album.

Exercise 20. Put “Do” or “Does” in the following sentences.

e.g. … you often dance at night clubs? – Do you often dance at night clubs? – Yes, I… - Yes, I do/No, I don`t.

1. … you often go to exhibitions?

2. … your friend know English well?

3. …she play basketball in our team?

4. … you always learn new words?

5. … this artist usually paint animals?

6. … this actor play tragic roles?

7…. we always take part in student film festivals?

8…. he often invite students to his studio?

9…. they always show their films to their friends?

10. … we often visit the Tretyakov gallery on Sunday?

Exercise 21. Put “Don`t” or “Doesn`t” in the following negative sentences.

e.g. He … like comedies – He doesn`t like comedies.

1. She…play in this film.

2. I…like this American movie at all.

3. They…enjoy this film.

4. We…often visit The Bolshoi Theatre.

5. The director of photography… use close-ups.

6. She…usually play supporting roles.

7. I…usually watch soap operas.

8. He… usually write scripts as he is a director.

9. The producer… cast actors without the director.

10. The art-director…usually use dark colours.