- •The verb
- •Morphological structure
- •Basic forms
- •Notional verbs, auxiliary verbs and link verbs
- •Verbs are divided into notional, auxiliary and link verbs according to their syntactic function.
- •Transitive and intransitive verbs
- •Grammatical categories person
- •The english tenses in the passive voice
- •The Indicative Mood (изъявительное) 2. The Imperative Mood (повелительное)
- •3. The Subjunctive Mood (сослагательное) (including Conditionals)
- •Questions:
- •Answers to tag questions
- •To have
- •To denote possession, relationships, other states:
- •To talk about actions and experiences:
- •Have/Have got
- •Where do you have lunch? We don’t have parties very often. You have breakfast at 7, don’t you?
- •Questions
- •The Verb to do
- •Emphatic ‘do’
- •Do have some more tea. Do take a seat, won’t you? (In invitations and offers ‘do’ sounds very polite).
Have/Have got
possession, relationships, illnesses, the characteristics of people and things, and similar ideas.
His father has a flat in London. Have you any brothers or sisters?
The house has a wonderful atmosphere. I think we have mice.
Instead of have, have got can be used in an informal style
I’ve got a new car. My mother’s got 2 sisters. In answers short forms are used:
Have you got a light? – No, I haven’t./Yes, I have.
In AE DO is in questions with HAVE: Do you often have meetings? Do you have a meeting today?
Have (formal) |
Have got (informal) |
1) We have three cats. Have you any cats? – Yes, we have. We have 3. You have 3 cats, haven’t you? 2) repeated states: I often have headaches. (I have often got headaches). 3) repeated states, habit or repetition :Do you often have time to play tennis? Do you often have meetings? Note: In AE ‘do’ is used in all cases. Do you often have meetings? Do you have a meeting today? 4) in negative sentences ‘don’t’ is used: I don’t have a car.
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1) We’ve got three cats. Have you got any cats? – Yes, we have. We’ve got 3 cats. You’ve got 3 cats, haven’t you? 2) single state: I’ve got a headache today. Or I have a headache today. 3) single state: Have you got time to play tennis today? Have you got a meeting today?
4) in negative sentences ‘haven’t got’ is used: I haven’t got a car. He hasn’t got any money. |
Note: In modern British, which is heavily influenced by American English, do-forms are common in most cases:
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Do you have time to go to the beach this weekend? (AE/modern BE) |
Have (actions)
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‘have’ can be used in the meaning of ‘ receive’: I’ve had a phone call from Sue.
‘ won’t have’ means ‘ allow’: I won’t have her boyfriend in my house.
In this structure questions and negatives are made with ‘do’ and tag questions.
Where do you have lunch? We don’t have parties very often. You have breakfast at 7, don’t you?
Progressive forms can also be used: I’m having lunch now. Sue is having a shower.
They are having a good time now.