Comprehension questions:

1. When did the Greeks use horseback riding with people having

incurable problems?

2. When was the horse first used in medical care?

3. Who should the treatment team consist of?

4. What are the methods of treating in the theory of hippotherapy?

Task 1. Match the following parts of the sentences:

1. Horseback riding increases flow of impulses from the periphery through proprioceptive, …	a) … the ability to produce specific movement in the horse; traditional therapy techniques, and other health care techniques.
2. The treatment team consists of: a therapist, …	b) … multiple sclerosis, closed head injuries, orthopedic disorders, cerebral palsy, and others.
3. Therapeutic effect is acquired by …	c) … tactile, and vestibular stimulation.
4. Wholesome influence of horse riding …	d) … a skilled riding instructor who influences the horse's movements.
5. Hippotherapy helps to avoid …	e) … was known since the 1500s.
6. Hippotherapy should be performed in …	f) … a skilled riding instructor and trained support assistants or helpers.

Task 2. Translate into English using the vocabulary of

the lesson:

Ребенок с ограниченными возможностями здоровья нуждается в особом подходе. Чтобы эффективно управлять формированием его личности, требуются глубокие знания психологических закономерностей, объясняющих специфику развития ребенка. Важное место в подготовке детей – инвалидов к интеграции в социальную среду занимают вопросы их социальной реабилитации.

Task 3. Use the expressions in the sentences of your own:

Incurable problems; point out; multiple sclerosis; approximate; closed head injuries, orthopedic disorders, cerebral palsy, behavioral disorders and developmental disabilities; provide the therapeutic effects; essential element; trained helpers.

Task 4. Explain the meaning of the following proverb. Use it in the situations of your own. Give the Russian equivalent.

“Constant dropping wears away a stone.”

Task 5. Choose one of the problems and make up a dialogue. (Two professionals about strategies of rehabilitation.)

1. Which of the techniques do you find the most acceptable for treating learning disabilities?

2. Do you know anything about using these techniques in our country?

3. Can you classify all these techniques?

Colloquial phrases to use:

Step by step; the vestibular apparatus; old techniques; stimulation techniques; to support structures; the approach is based.

Grammar revision

Indirect moods

Ex.1. Define grammar constructions used in the sentences.

1. A truck blocked the greater part of the pathway so that all the other transport might go round. 2. The dean insisted that we should be present at the classes up to the end of them. 3. The fireman demanded that the candles should be blown out. 4. It is necessary that schoolchildren should come to school on time. 5. I wish that the concert were over earlier. 6. My grandmother wishes we had a proper garden. 7. We wish we’d never done it. 8. It’s high time you got rid of these old shoes. 9. The man explained me the way so that I could get to the Ministry easily. 10. If I were young I would go in for sports. 11. I wish I had told the truth. 12. Write the address properly lest it should be lost.

Ex.2. Finish the following sentences, using subordinate clauses.

1. I wish horseback riding … .

2. Heipertz points out that … .

3. The rhythmic movement of the horse's back would meet all the requirements of modem kinesitherapy techniques, if … .

4. People who were found to have incurable problems use horseback riding lest … .

5. A therapist and a skilled riding instructor work together with trained support assistants or helpers so that … .

Ex.3. Combine the sentences into one conditional sentence.

1. He points out that	a) … the patient should use the horseback riding for therapeutic purposes.
2. Mother wished …	b).. our problems had been solved step by step.
3. The physician hoped that …	… the facilities must be appropriate for treatment purposes.
4. The doctor insisted that …	d)… riding would be beneficial to health.
5. We wished that …	e) … the development of hippotherapy should make the therapeutic effect.
6. It is suggested that …	f) … using riding rehabilitated him.

Ex.4. Translate the sentences into English using the Subjunctive Mood.

1. Я хотела бы, чтобы он не был таким строгим. 2. Она хотела бы быть спецпсихологом или дефектологом. 3. Жаль, что ты не пришла вчера на лекцию. Было очень интересно. 4. На твоем месте он занялся бы иппотерапией. 5. Они выглядели так, как будто сбросили десять лет. 6. Мы пришли в больницу заранее, с тем, чтобы увидеть пациента еще в палате. 7. Пиши четко, чтобы твое письмо можно было прочесть.

Ex.5. Translate the sentences. Mind the Conditional Mood.

1. If I plant it near the road, strangers will steal the apples. 2. If I plant it in my field, my neighbours will come at night and rob me. 3. If I plant it near my house, my children will take the apples. 4. If I had planted the tree deep in a wood where nobody could see it, the tree couldn’t have grown without sunlight and died. 5. If the farmer’s friend hear of it, he will got very angry. 6. If I had planted the tree near the road, strangers would have stolen the apples. 7. If I had planted it in the field, my neighbours would have come at night and robbed me. 8. If I had planted it near my house, my children would have taken the apples.”

Ex.6. Translate the quotations into Russian paying attention to the Subjunctive Mood.

1. If I were ill I should like to be nursed by you. (Bennett) 2. I wished he were less remote. (Du Maurier) 3. Whoever you may be, Sir, I am deeply grateful to you. (Ch. Dickens) 4. Lizzie stood upon the causeway that her father might see her. (Ch. Dickens) 5. If I had consulted my own interests I should never have come here (Jh. Galswarthy)

Ex.7. Read the comic story. Translate it paying attention to the Subjunctive Mood.

An American lady traveling about England got into a compartment of a smoking car where an English gentleman was smoking a pipe. For some time she sat quietly, expecting that the Englishman would stop smoking. But than she began coughing and sneezing, trying to show him that she objected to the smoke.

At last, seeing that the man took no notice of her and didn’t put out his pipe, she said: “If you were a gentleman, you would stop smoking when a lady got into the carriage.” “If you were a lady,” replied th Englishman, “you wouldn’t get into a smoking carriage.”

“If you were my husband,” said the American lady angrily, “I would give you poison.” The Englishman looked at her. “Well, he said at last, “If I were your husband, I would take it.”

Ex.8. Read the poem. Mind its grammar.