- •1 Structure of a business letter
- •1 This is how a business school teacher is explaining the parts of a business letter to a student:
- •2 Now read the letter and name its elements:
- •Grammar: The Sequence of Tenses – Узгодження часів
- •2 Writing a business e-mail
- •Grammar: Reported Speech (statements) – Непряма мова (стверджувальні речення)
- •3 Doing Business on the Internet
- •1 Match words that have a similar meaning:
- •2 Choose the correct word from the box to complete the gaps. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian
- •3 Fill in the missing prepositions: (with (2), of (2), to, on, for (3), in (3), into, through, as)
- •Grammar: Reported Questions, Requests, Orders – Непрямі питання, прохання, накази
- •4 Business across Cultures
- •1 Match words that have a similar meaning:
- •2 Match the words and phrases in the box with the correct definition:
- •3 Choose the correct word from the box to complete the gaps. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian
- •5 Put these statements about customs and culture into the correct order. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian:
- •Grammar: First Conditional – Умовні речення і типу
- •5 The Field of Accounting
- •Remember the difference:
- •1 Match words that have a similar meaning:
- •2 Give the English equivalents for:
- •3 Match the words and phrases in the box with the correct definition:
- •Grammar Second Conditional – Умовні речення іі типу
- •6 Budgeting
- •1 Match words that have a similar meaning:
- •2 Give the English equivalents for:
- •3 Match the words and phrases in the box with the correct definition:
- •5 Translate into English:
- •Grammar: Third Conditional – Умовні речення ііі типу
- •7 Auditing
- •1 Match words that have a similar meaning:
- •2 Give the English equivalents for:
- •3 Match the words and phrases in the box with the correct definition:
- •5 True or false?
- •Grammar: Modals – Модальні дієслова (1) Ability (здатність, спроможність): can, could, be able to
- •Permission (дозвіл): can, could, may, be allowed to
- •8 Costs. Assets and liabilities
- •1 Match words that have a similar meaning:
- •2 Match the words and phrases in the box with the correct definition:
- •3 Choose the correct word from the box to complete the gaps. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian.
- •4 Ask as many questions to the following text about assets as you can. Translate the text into Ukrainian.
- •Grammar: Modals – Модальні дієслова (2)
- •9 Raising Finance
- •1 Match words that have a similar meaning:
- •3 Choose the correct word from the box to complete the gaps. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian.
- •Grammar: Modals with the Perfect Infinitive – Модальні дієслова з перфектним інфінітивом
- •10 Financial Statements
- •2 Match the words and phrases in the box with the correct definition:
- •3 Write the appropriate word or phrase in the following spaces. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian.
- •4 Translate into English:
- •Grammar: The Infinitive – Інфінітив
- •11 Accountancy
- •Grammar: The Gerund – Герундій
- •(12) Grammar: The Participle – Дієприкметник
3 Fill in the missing prepositions: (with (2), of (2), to, on, for (3), in (3), into, through, as)
Financial services companies are rushing to provide teenagers ... easier ways ... spending their savings online.
Teenagers are just the sort ... people an Internet retailer wants to sell ..., and the things they want to buy – games, CDs and clothing – are easily sold ... the Web.
But paying online is a tricky business ... consumers who are too young to own credit cards.
... most cases, parents pay ... these purchases ... credit cards, an arrangement that is often unsatisfactory ... them and their children.
One way to help them convert notes and coins ... cybercash is ... prepaid cards such ... Internet Cash ... the US and Smart cards ... the UK.
Grammar: Reported Questions, Requests, Orders – Непрямі питання, прохання, накази
When you report a question, you use the same word order as in the statement. You make the same tense and other changes as you do for reported statements:
• Wh- and How questions: "Where is the secretary?" He asked Tom where the secretary was.
• Yes / No questions: "Are you preparing your presentation, Jack?" - She asked if / whether Jack was preparing his presentation.
• Requests: "Would you pass me the report please, Tom?” – She asked Tom if he would pass her the report. – She asked Tom to pass her the report.
• Orders: "Come back to work!"- Manager told us to come back to work.
Ex.1. Rewrite these sentences, changing the direct speech to reported speech:
1 "What has happened to Jane? Has anyone seen her today?" the boss asked.
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2 "Did you buy some more new computers?" she wanted to know.
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3 "Why do the prices go up so often?" she wondered.
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4 "Have you got a work permit?" the immigration officer wanted to know.
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5 "Are you interested in advertising?" asked Susan.
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6 "Why do you want to join our company?" she asked me.
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7 "Are you leaving today or tomorrow morning?" asked his secretary.
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8 "Don't speak to him like this!" she warned me.
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9 "Always read the contract before you sign it," he advised his client.
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10 "Contact our representatives immediately!" Department Manager told them.
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11 "Please don't make rushed decisions," she begged him.
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12 "Don't wait till tomorrow," said the advertisement.
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13 "Could you explain this for me once more, please?" I asked the agent.
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14 "Can I have the weekend off?" she asked her boss.
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15 "Would you mind paying cash?" said the salesgirl when he took out his cheque-book.
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16 "Why don't you trust her?" he wondered.
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Ex.2. Rewrite these sentences, changing the reported speech to direct speech:
1 She said that her corporation had become bankrupt and its stock was of no value anymore. 2 I asked her if she'd like to take my pen but she thanked me. 3 He wanted to know if I was going to calculate the indirect costs. 4 My employer hoped I wouldn’t be offended if he told me that I would do better in some other kind of job. 5 He asked me how long it had taken me to complete the job. 6 I wondered whether he had bought a guidebook to London. 7 He asked what we were discussing. 8 I wondered if they would solve that problem at the meeting. 9 He asked the manager to accept his resignation. 10 She asked me when I would be in Kyiv. 11 The court ordered the company to pay all their debts before 1 October. 12 He wanted to know when the new training program would be presented. 13 She wondered where we had held the conference the previous year. 14 Helen asked Tom if he had got a car. 15 He promised her that if she attended the conference the following week, she would hear his new theory about classification of the costs. 16 He couldn't understand how I managed on my salary.