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Grammar: Tenses used to describe Future

1 a) Will is used:

*for future facts: Our boss will celebrate his 50th anniversary this Sunday.

*to make predictions based on a personal opinion: The train won't get us there in time.

*to make requests and offers: Will you help me to do the translation? – Of course I will, don’t worry!

*with promises, threats, and refusals: I promise I'll be there on time. Do that again and I’ll kick you.

*for decisions made at the time of speaking: I know, I'll get him a wallet for his birthday.

b) Shall is used in questions with I and We to ask for and make suggestions or offers:

Shall we go to the Chinese restaurant? I'll make you a cup of tea, shall I?

2 Be going to is used:

*to express plans or intentions: I'm going to do lots of work tonight.

*to make or ask for predictions in response to something which exists in the present situation:

Look, that child is going to fall if she's not careful!

3 Present Continuous is used to talk about events which are arranged for the future / fixed plans in the future: We're not having the party on Sunday now, I'm afraid.

4 Present Simple is used with future meaning when talking about timetables or programs of events:

The train arrives at 4.15.

Ex.1. Choose the correct verb:

1 I (will go/am going) to a party tomorrow night. Would you like to come too? 2 According to the weather forecast it (will rain/is raining) tomorrow. 3 I'm sure Tom (will get/is getting) the job. He has a lot of experience. 4 I can't meet you this evening. A friend of mine (will come/is coming) to see me. 5 Have you decided where to go for your holidays yet? – Yes, we (will go/are going) to Italy. 6 Don't worry about the dog. It (won't hurt/isn't hurting) you.

Ex.2. Read the dialogue and underline the future form which is most appropriate:

A Hello, Henry. How are you?

В Fine. And you?

A Not so bad, thanks. Listen I'm ringing to try to arrange a meeting with you. I'll be coming / I'm coming / I come to London next Wednesday to see some customers. I'm going to see / I'll see / I'm seeing them in the morning. Will you be / are you / are you going to be free any time in the afternoon?

В I won't be / I'm not / I'm not going to be in London, I'm afraid. I'll / I'm going / I'll be going abroad for a few days on business.

A Oh, where do you go / will you go / are you going?

В To Germany. I have a meeting in Bonn. My company will open / opens / is opening a new office there next year.

A Mmm. Sounds exciting. When do you go / are you going / will you go?

В On Monday evening, and I'm not back /I won't be back /I'm not going to be back until Thursday morning.

A Oh, well. I could stay overnight and see you then. What time is your plane getting in / does your plane get in / will your plane get in?

В 10.40, so if I get a taxi, I'll be / I am / I could be in my office at 12.00.

A On second thoughts, don't do that. I'll see / I'll be seeing / I'm going to see you at the airport. We can talk there. We finish /we're finishing / we'll have finished by 2.00, probably, so then we can have something to eat and I can get the 3.00 shuttle back to Manchester. How does that sound?

В Fine. We'll sort it all out then. Thanks for ringing. Bye.

A Cheerio. I see you / I'll be seeing you / I'll see you on Thursday. Have a good trip.

Ex.3. Complete the sentences using the correct form of the verbs in brackets:

1 We (have) a party next Saturday. Would you like to come? 2 I (not / go) away for my holidays next month because I haven't got enough money. And you? (You / go) away? 3 The concert (start) at 7.30 this evening. 4 George, is it true that you (get married) next week? 5 The art exhibition (open) on 3 May and (finish) on 15 July. 6 What time the next train (leave)? 7 Ann, we (go) to town, (you / соте) with us? 8 The S. S. Blue Star (arrive) on Monday according to plan. 9 The examinations (take place) next month as announced. 10 The office (close) an hour later than usual tomorrow. 11 We (have) breakfast very early tomorrow so that we can leave home before even. 12. He usually works at the station but next month he (work) at the docks for a few days each week. 13 I'm sorry I can't accept your invitation. I (have) an important meeting next Tuesday. 14 We always go to Paris on holiday. Next year I (go) to Spain for a change. 15 Saturday is his day off, usually. However, he (play) in the finals of a tennis tournament next Friday so the firm (give) him both days off. 16 My uncle John from Chicago (visit) us soon. 17 As a result of the bad weather, airplanes (not / take off) tonight.

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