69.Syntactic Convergence.

S. C. is a group of several elements with the identical function united by the same syntactic relations to the subordinating word or sentence. Very often it is the homogeneous members (to make peace with poverty, filth, immorality or ignorance is treason to the rest of the human race) - the sentence contains a group of prepositional objects united by the word peace.

Convergence denotes a combination of stylistic devices promoting the same idea, emotion or motive. Any type of expressive means will make sense stylistically when treated as a part of a bigger unit, the context, or the whole text. It means that there is no immediate dependence between a certain stylistic device and a definite stylistic function.

A stylistic device is not attached to this or that stylistic effect. Therefore a hyperbole, for ex., may provide any number of effects: tragic, comical, pathetic or grotesque. Inversion may give the narration a highly elevated tone or an ironic ring of parody.

This «chameleon» quality of a stylistic device enables the author to apply different devices for the same purpose. The use of more than one type of expressive means in close succession is a powerful technique to support the idea that carries paramount importance in the author's view. Such redundancy ensures the delivery of the message to the reader.

The developed s.convergences allow to receive rather sweeping generalizations. Convergence may by produced by the units of other levels (by the subordinate clauses, related to the same word in the principal clause), by the enumerative sentences in the structure of the complex sentence.

The term 'stylistic convergence' is different from the syntactic. Stylistic c. is the accumulation of several different stylistic devices performing the same stylistic function in some part of the text. Syntactic convergence is often complicated by certain SDs: reiteration, parallel constructions, polysyndeton, anaphora, synonyms, inversion, thus, creating stylistic convergence. The effect of syntactic convergence (humorous) can be based on the semantic heterogeneity of syntactically homogeneous members (chaotic enumeration). (The facts begin to crowd me and soon I get a pressure in the chest. A disorderly rush begins - my parents, my wives, my girls, my children, my farm, my animals, my habits, my money, my music lessons, ..., my teeth, my face, my soul! - show the increase of hero's despair and frustration).

Syllepsis is the connecton of 2 or more homogeneous members with different grammatic parameters. In the given example there's a syllepsis of number (singuiar&plural). One more form of syllepsis is zeugma. Functions: makes the whole more concrete, describes the whole in detail, underlines the variety & multitude of objects; forms semantic gradation.

Anacoluthon is the infringement of the correct syntactic connection. (Where a great poet named Tennyson, anticipating Hollywood, had built up in the studio of his mind, his come - into - the -garden, Maud, the black bat night has flown; and has sent his cardboard kings and warriors and uncompromising virgins out into the highways and byways.)