
- •Irish Lesson 1
- •Irish Lesson 2
- •Irish Lesson 3
- •Irish Lesson 4
- •Irish Lesson 5
- •Irish Lesson 6
- •Irish Lesson 7
- •Irish Lesson 8
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 9
- •Irish Lesson 10
- •Irish Lesson 11
- •Vocabulary Masculine nouns
- •Irish Lesson 12
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 13
- •Vocabulary Masculine nouns
- •Irish Lesson 14
- •Irish Lesson 15
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 16
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 17
- •Vocabulary Masculine Nouns
- •Irish Lesson 18
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 19
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 20
- •Irish Lesson 21
- •Irish Lesson 22
- •Irish Lesson 23
- •Vocabulary Masculine Nouns
- •Irish Lesson 24
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 25
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 26
- •Irish Lesson 27
- •Irish Lesson 28
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 29
- •Irish Lesson 30
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 31
- •Irish Lesson 32
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 33
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 34
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 35
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 36
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 37
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 38
- •Irish Lesson 39
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 40
- •Irish Lesson 41
- •Irish Lesson 42
- •Irish Lesson 43
- •Irish Lesson 44
- •Irish Lesson 45
- •Irish Lesson 46
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 47
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 48
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 49
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 50
- •Irish Lesson 51
- •Irish Lesson 52
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 53
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 54
- •Irish Lesson 55
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 56
- •Irish Lesson 57
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 58
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 59
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 60
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 61
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 62
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 63
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 64
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 65
- •Irish Lesson 66
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 67
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 68
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 69
- •Irish Lesson 70
- •Irish Lesson 71
- •Irish Lesson 72
- •Irish Lesson 73
- •Irish Lesson 74
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 75
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 76
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 77
- •Irish Lesson 78
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 79
- •Irish Lesson 80
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 81
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 82
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 83
- •Irish Lesson 84
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 85
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 87
- •Irish Lesson 88
- •Irish Lesson 89
- •Irish Lesson 90
- •Comhrá(koh-raw*), conversation
- •Grammar Review
- •Irish Lesson 91
- •Comhrá(koh-raw*), Conversation
- •Notes on the conversation:
- •Grammar Review
- •Irish Lesson 92
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 93
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 94
- •Irish Lesson 95
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 96
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 97
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 98 The fourth declension of nouns
- •Vocabulary of fourth-declension nouns
- •Irish Lesson 99
- •Irish Lesson 100
- •Irish Lesson 101
- •Irish Lesson 102
- •Insint neamhdhireach (in-shint nyav-yi-rahk*); indirect speech
- •Irish Lesson 103
- •Irish Lesson 104
- •Irish Lesson 105
- •Irish Lesson 106
- •Irish Lesson 107
- •Irish Lesson 108 Recognition drill for an modh coinníollach with irregular verbs
- •Irregular verbs in the conditional mood
- •Irish Lesson 109 Recognition drill with modh coinníollach
- •An modh coinníollach in conversation
- •Vocabulary
- •Ainmfhocail fhirinscneacha (an-im-oh-kil ir-insh-knahk*-uh) Masculine nouns
- •Ainmfhocail bhaininscneacha (vwin-insh-knahk*-huh) feminine nouns
- •Irish Lesson 110 Comprehension for an modh coinníollach
- •"Is" in sentences with "if"
- •Comhrá(koh-raw*)
- •Irish Lesson 111
- •Vocabulary for verbs
- •Irish Lesson 112 Recognition Drill for Verbs
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 113
- •Graiméar
- •Cleachtadh
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 114
- •Graiméar
- •Cleachtadh
- •Vocabulary
- •Irish Lesson 115 Cleachtadh aitheantais (a-huhn-tish); recognition drill
- •Graiméar
- •Cleachtadh leis an aimsir ghnáthchaite
- •Focail nua
- •Irish Lesson 116 Graiméar
- •Indirect speech with an aimsir ghnáthchaite
- •Irish Lesson 117
- •Cleachtadh leis an aimsir ghnáthchaite
- •Special expressions; cora cainte (koh-ruh keyen-te) or idioms
- •Cleachtadh leis na réamhfhocail (ray*V-oh-kil) (prepositions)
- •Irish Lesson 118 Cleachtadh le briathra
- •Graiméar
- •Cleachtadh aitheantais na mbriathra; recognition drill for verbs
- •Irish Lesson 119 Cleachtadh le briathra; practice with verbs
- •Réamhfhocail (ray*V-ohk-il); prepositions
- •Graiméar
- •Irish Lesson 120 Graiméar
- •Irish Lesson 121 Cleachtadh briathra: practice with verbs
- •Graiméar
- •Foirmeacha le "ar"
- •Liosta focal briathra
- •Ainmfocail (an-im-oh-kil)
- •Irish Lesson 122 Cleachtadh leis an gclaoninsint (glay*-uhn-in-shint); practice with indirect speech
- •Graiméar
- •Lasadh séan solas
- •Irish Lesson 123 Cleachtadh briathra; practice on verbs
- •Irish Lesson 124
- •Irish Lesson 125 Graiméar: an forainm coibhneasta (fohr-an-im kiv-nas-tuh)
- •Irish Lesson 126
- •Irish Lesson 127 An forainm coibhneasta (fohr-an-im kiv-nas-tuh) le "is"; the relative pronoun with "is"
- •Irish Lesson 128 Cleachtadh leis an forainm coibhneasta le "is" (practice with the relative pronoun for "is")
- •Réamhfhocail; prepositions
- •An ceacht deireanach; the last lesson
Irish Lesson 72
PRONUNCIATION REVIEW
Pronounce an "s" near "a", "o" or "u" like the American sound, with lips relaxed. This is the broad "s" sound. Do not tense the lips as in the English sound. Practice on:
sá, só, sú, saor (say*r), saoi (see), samhradh (SOU-ruh), saibhir (SEYE-vir), sac (sahk), sabháil (suh-VWAW*-il), slat (slaht), smál (smaw*l), smaoineamh (SMWEEN-uhv), smuta (SMUT-uh), snas (snahs), spórt (spohrt), Spáinn (SPAW*-in), spraoi (spree), stad (stahd), strapa (STRAH-puh), stró(stroh).
Pronounce an Irish "s" as (sh) when it is next to an "e" or an "i", and also when "sc", "sl", "sn", and "st" are next to the "e" or "i". Examples: sé, sí, sean (shan), seift (sheft), sin, scéal (shkay*l), slí(shlee), sneachta (SHNAHK*-tuh), stíl (shteel), leisce (LESH-ke), uaisle (WISH-le), misniúil (mish-NYOO-il),éisteacht (AY*SH-tyahk*t).
If the combinations "sm", "sp", "sr", or "str" are next to "e" or "i", pronounce the "s" as (s), the broad sound described above. Memorize these examples: smig (smig), chin; spéir (spay*r), sky; srian (SREE-uhn), bridle; stríoc (streek), streak, stripe.
"is" is an exception, too. Pronounce it (is), never (ish) or (iz). Irish has no (z) sound.
GRAMMAR
In the future tense, the (say*r-VREE-huhr) or free form expresses ideas such as "It will be put on the table" or "Someone will put it on the table". In Irish, this is:
Cuirfear ar an mbordé(KIR-fuhr er un MOHRD ay*). Note that the "f" is pronounced (f) here. In other future forms, you pronounce it (h), as in "Cuirfidh mé(KIR-hee may*) ar an mbordé"; I will place it on the table.
The rest of the saorbhriathar forms in the future are:
Níchuirfear (K*IR-fuhr) ar an mbordé.
An gcuirfear (un GIR-fuhr) ar an mbordé?
Nach gcuirfear (nach* GIR-fuhr) ar an mbordé?
"Ní" aspirates here, and "an" and "nach" eclipse.
For a two-syllabled second-conjunction verb, such as "ceannaigh" (KAN-ee), buy, the future forms are:
Ceannófaré(kan-OH-fuhr ay*), it will be bought.
Nícheannófaré(nee hyan-OH-fuhr ay*), it will not be bought.
An gceannófaré? (un gyan-OH-fuhr ay*), will it be bought?
Nach gceannófaré? (nahk* gyan-OH-fuhr ay*), won't someone buy it?
Others from this group:
Osclófaré(ohsk-LOH-fuhr ay*), someone will open it.
Cosnófaré(kuhs-NOH-fuhr ay*), it will be defended.
Freagrófaré(frag-ROH-fuhr ay*), someone will answer it.
Baileofaré(bahl-YOH-fuhr ay*), someone will collect it.
Inseofar dóé(in-SHOH-fuhr doh ay*), it will be told to him.
Notice that an extra "e" is inserted sometimes. This makes spelling consistent, so that you know whether a letter gets its broad or slender sound. For example, without the "e" to help, you would not know whether "insófar" was (in-SOH-fuhr) or (in-SHOH-fuhr).
DRILL
With the examples:
An gcuirfear an mála sa charr? (un GIR-fuhr un MAW*-lah suh K*AHR), Will the bag be put into the car? Níchuirfear an mála sa charr, The bag won't be put into the car. Nach gcuirfear an mála sa charr? Cuirfear an mála sa charr.
Go through progressive drills with these word groups:
Bris (brish), break; an cupán ar an urlár, the cup on the floor.
Feic (fek), see; an cailín sin amárach (uh-MAW*-rahk*), that girl tomorrow.
Pós (pohs), marry; Seán le Síle (SHEE-luh).
Críochnaigh (KREE-uhk*-nee), finish; an obair seo, this work.
Mínigh (MEEN-ee), explain; an fhadhb (eyeb), the problem.
Key:An mbrisfear an cupán ar an urlár? Níbhrisfear ----. Nach mbrisfearr ----? Brisfear ----.
An bhfeicfear (VEK-fuhr) ----? Nífheicfear (nee EK-fuhr) ----. Nach bhfeicfear ----? Feicfear ----.
An gcríochnófar (greek*-NOH-fuhr) ----? Níchríochnófar ----. Nach gcríochnófar ----? Críochnófar ----.
An míneofar ----? Nímhíneofar (veen-YOH-fuhr) ----. Nach míneofar ----? Míneofar ----.
COMHRÁ(KOH-raw*)
(Success appears imminent, as the modified aerial is emplaced.)
Bláthnaid(BLAW*-nid): Cuirfear an poll tríd an doras go luath (KIR-fuhr un poul treed un DUH-ruhs goh LOO-uh). The hole will be put through the door soon.
Pól(pohl): Tásécríochnaithe anois (KREE-uhk*-nuh-he uh-NISH). It's finished now. Tabhair dom an tsreang mhiotail (TOO-ir duhm un trang VI-til), másédo thoilé(MAW* shay* duh HIL ay*). Give me the metal wire, please.
Bláthnaid:Seo dhuit, a Phóil (shuh git, uh FOH-il). Sáigh amachítrípholl an dorais (SAW*-ee uh-MAHK* ee tree foul un DUH-rish). Here it is, Paul. Stick it out through the door-hole.
Pól:Anois, táorainn -- an tsreang a chrochadh -- ar thaobh an fhoirgnimh seo (uh-NISH, taw* OH-rin un trang uh K*ROHK*-uh er HAY*V un IR-gi-niv shuh). Now, we have to hang the wire on the side of this building.
Bláthnaid:Buíochas le Dia. Craolfar (KRAY*L-fuhr) clárálainn anocht (klaw*r AW*-lin uh-NOHK*T). Thank heaven. A beautiful program will be broadcast tonight.