- •Введение
- •Предисловие
- •Оглавление
- •Unit 1 “student’s life”
- •V ocabulary
- •International institute of distance education
- •Education: university
- •1. Read these sentences spoken by university students. What is each person studying?
- •2. What do you call:
- •3. Replace the underlined verbs with different verbs that have the same meaning in the context.
- •4. How similar is university education in your own country? Answer these questions. If possible, compare your answers with someone else from your own country and/or someone from a different country.
- •Text 4. Read and translate into Russian the profile of the distant student.
- •Tutorial system
- •The open university
- •Cyberstudy – learning english
- •A student’s workday
- •Vocabulary
- •How to pass exams
- •Studying for exams
- •“Introducing yourself”
- •Unit 2. Job hunting topic 1 “writing cv/resume”
- •Sample resume/cv
- •Curriculum vitae
- •Profile Summary
- •Degree:
- •It Skills
- •II. Read and compare Luisa’s and Aisha’s cVs. Do you think they have written a good cv. Are there any things you would like to change?
- •The most common mistakes in resumes
- •Job application form
- •I magine you are applying for a job. Fill in the application form.
- •Date of the resume:
- •Cover letter
- •Covering letter for resume or cv
- •Topic 2. Job interview
- •Dos and don’ts for job seekers
- •Top 50 interview mistakes
- •Funny interview questions
- •Advice on job interview
- •Job interviews: breaking the ice
- •Sample job interview
- •Job interview dialogue
- •Vocabulary
- •1. In the dialogue find these expressions in English
- •2. Make and role-play a similar dialogue discussing the points below:
- •Supplementary reading texts for reading and translating (Тексты для чтения и перевода)
- •Teaching methods at the ou
- •Student life at the ou
- •Open university claims for record iTunes downloads Universities are putting their lectures on iTunes
- •Writing a resume/cv
- •Writing a resume
- •6. Personal information
- •7. References
- •220 West Street
- •38 Park Avenue, Ap. 50
- •Curriculum vitae (cv)
- •Curriculum Vitae
- •Text 8. Read the text and translate it into Russian. Do the test below and find out whether you are a workaholic or not. Workaholism
- •A nation of shopaholics – one in five people are addicted to buying
- •S hould I include a photo on my cv?
- •At the office
- •Interview mistakes
- •Very bad timing
- •Avoiding interview mistakes
- •A perfect interview
- •By Using The Answers In This Short Guide You Will Be More Prepared
- •1. What do you consider your most significant weaknesses?
- •2. What do you consider your most significant strengths?
- •3. How do you get along with different types of people?
- •Unit 3. In the workplace topic 1. Starting your career test on career success
- •Vocabulary
- •‘Getting to the top’ - business seminar
- •Starting a new job
- •Make a list of dos and don’ts for each item in the list.
- •Work: duties, conditions and pay
- •1. Match the verbs on the left with the nouns or phrases on the right. Use each word once only.
- •2. Starting with the words you are given, rewrite each of these sentences using vocabulary from the previous text. The basic meaning must stay the same.
- •3. This is part of a conversation with a teacher about her job. Can you supply the missing questions?
- •4. Can you answer these general knowledge questions about work?
- •5. Think and speak about your own job. How many of the things described in the text do you do? How is your work different? Can you explain your responsibilities and daily duties in English?
- •N ow you’re hired
- •The career ladder
- •If possible, ask another person the same questions. Topic 2. Daily routine
- •My first – and last! – day at work
- •A day in the life
- •Working day
- •Work and family life
- •Michael dell’s working day
- •Text 4. Read and translate the text. Complete the exercises below. Types of jobs
- •Unit 4. The abc of business correspondence
- •Structure of a business letter
- •Business letter layout
- •Letter practice
- •How would you write these dates in a letter?
- •2. Match these openings with the right ending:
- •Read the letters and do the exercises.
- •4 . There are some mistakes in the letter. Find the mistakes. Write out the letter correctly. Parts of a business letter
- •1 . Read the formal business letter. Find the phrases beginning and ending the letter. What is the subject of the letter?
- •T his letter is all mixed up. Put the sentences in the right order. Unit 5. Business, trade, economics
- •Business and finance
- •Sales and marketing
- •1. The 'marketing mix' consists of the four Ps. Can you remember what they are? Write them down and then check in the text.
- •2. See how many different compound words and word partnerships you can form from the
- •What is economics?
- •Vocabulary:
- •Text 4. Read and translate the text. Applied fields of economics
- •Vocabulary:
- •Development economics
- •Share – доля mortality rate – уровень смертности
- •Areas of economics
- •Economic growth
- •Accountancy
- •Text 9. Read the text and speak about the main functions of economics. The basic functions of economic systems
- •Text 10. Read the text and speak about the types of economies. Types of economies
- •Text 11. Read the text and write several questions about the relationship between the government and business development. Government and business
- •Supplementary reading texts for reading and translating (Тексты для чтения и перевода)
- •Electronic money
- •Internet currency
- •Webmoney
- •Text 4 neither a borrower nor a lender be
- •Trade - the engine of economic growth
- •Business failure
- •Requesting information
- •Sending information
- •Payment request
- •Large nations
- •Vocabulary
- •Small nations
- •Text 13 sectors of economy
- •Text 14 unemployment
- •Text 15 exporting
- •To impose customs duties - облагать таможенными пошлинами
Economic growth
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VOCABULARY FOR TEXT 1 |
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economic growth [«Jkq'nOmIk grOuT] |
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экономический рост (изменение во времени реального уровня чистого валового национального продукта) |
Objective [qb'dZektIv] |
- |
1) цель; 2) задача, задание |
commerce ['kOmq(s] |
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1) торговля (оптовая); 2) коммерция |
to promote [tu prq'mOut] |
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1) выдвигать, продвигать, поощрять; 2) повышать в чине или звании; 3) содействовать продаже какого-л. Товара |
gross domestic product (GDP) [grOus dOu’mestIk ‘prOdAkt] |
- |
валовой внутренний продукт, ВВП (совокупная стоимость товаров и услуг, созданных внутри страны за определенный период (обычно за год), один из основополагающих макроэкономических показателей) |
Capacity utilization [kq’pxsItI “jHtIlaI’zeIS(q)n] |
- |
загрузка производственных мощностей (отношение общего выпуска продукции к той его величине, которая возможна при данном запасе производственного оборудования; может относиться как к функционированию предприятия, так и к национальной экономике) |
Standard of living [‘stxndqd qv ‘lIvIN] |
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жизненный уровень, уровень жизни |
stock of capital = [stOk qv ‘kxpItl] capital stock ['kxpItl stOk] |
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акционерный капитал (долевые ценные бумаги корпорации, выпущенные в соответствии с ее уставом и распределенные среди акционеров (с учетом или без учета привилегированных акций)) |
flat [flxt] |
- |
1) ровный, плоский; 2) одинаковый |
emergence [I'mWdZ(q)ns] |
- |
появление, выход |
Adequate ['xdIkwIt] |
- |
1) соответствующий, отвечающий требованиям; 2) достаточный; 3) компетентный |
Marginal ['mRdZIn(q)l] |
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1) предельный, имеющий решающее значение, критический; 2) маргинальный; 3) малодоходный, почти убыточный, минимально эффективный |
unequivocal ['AnI'kwIvqk(q)l] |
- |
недвусмысленный, определенный, четкий, ясный |
downside ['daunsaId] |
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нижняя сторона |
to externalize [tu eks'tWnqlaIz] |
- |
1) воплощать, придавать материальную форму; облекать в конкретную форму; 2) видеть причину во внешних обстоятельствах |
disruption [dIs'rApS(q)n] |
- |
1) подрыв, срыв, крушение, крах; 2) отпадение, раскол |
Pattern ['pxtqn] |
- |
1) образец, пример; 2) характер; 3) структура |
Pathogen ['pxTqdZen] |
- |
болезнетворный организм |
market access ['mRkIt 'xkses] |
- |
доступ к рынку, на рынки |
underclass ['AndxklRs] |
- |
низшие слои общества |
aid [eId] |
- |
1) помощь, поддержка; 2) помощник |
consequence ['kOnsIkwqns] |
- |
следствие, последствие |
One of the primary objectives in a social system in which commerce and property have a central role is to promote the growth of capital. The standard measures of growth are Gross Domestic Product or GDP, capacity utilization, and ‘standard of living’.
The ability of capitalist economies to increase and improve their stock of capital was central to the argument which Adam Smith advanced for a free market setting production, price and resource allocation. It has been argued that GDP per capita was essentially flat until the industrial revolution and the emergence of the capitalist economy, and that it has since increased rapidly in capitalist countries. It has also been argued that a higher GDP per capita promotes a higher standard of living, including the adequate or improved availability of food, housing, clothing, health care, reduced working hours and freedom from work for children and the elderly. These are reduced or unavailable if the GDP per capita is too low, so that most people are living a marginal existence.
Economic growth is, however, not universally viewed as an unequivocal good. The downside of such growth is referred to by economists as the ‘externalization of costs’. Among other things, these effects include pollution, the disruption of traditional living patterns and cultures, the spread of pathogens, wars over resources or market access, and the creation of underclasses.
No matter how wealthy the richest capitalists are, it does not ensure the well-being of all the citizens. Such examples of this include the Hurricane Katrina crisis in New Orleans where the working class (a majority of them being African-American) were left without aid despite the US being the wealthiest country in the world at that time.
In defense of capitalism, liberal philosopher Isaiah Berlin has claimed that all of these ills are neither unique to capitalism, nor are they its inevitable consequences.
Read and answer the following questions |
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1. |
What are the standard measures of economic growth? |
2. |
What are the side effects of economic growth? |
3. |
What did the recent natural disasters prove? |
Text 7. Read and translate the text. Study the vocabulary. Answer the questions below.