1. Read and translate the text: Classifications of Drugs:

There are several classifications based on various characteristics of drugs:

- by chemical structure;

- origin (natural, synthetic and mineral);

- by pharmacological groups - the most common classification in Ukraine, based on the drug effect on the human body;

- nosological classification – based on classification of diseases for which treatment is used.

Medications can be classified according to their use or function, the system that they treat and their chemical makeup. For example, they can be classified according to system, as follows:

respiratory medications

cardiac medications

nervous system medications, etc.

They can also be classified according to their function or use. For example, they can be classified as below:

nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications

narcotic analgesics

antidepressants, etc.

Lastly they can be classified according to their chemical makeup. Examples include:

aminoglycosides

estrogens

opioids, etc.

Most of the medications within a classification group, like alpha-adrenergic blockers, are quite similar although they are not identical. Classification systems enable us to identify the similarities and differences among a large number of medications within and outside of a particular classification.

3. Answer the questions to the text:

1. What are classifications based on? 2. What is the most common classification in Ukraine? 3. Most of the medications within a classification group, like alpha-adrenergic blockers, are quite similar, aren’t they? 4. What do classification systems enable us to do?

Lesson 13

Infectious Diseases

1. Pre-reading activities

1.1 Read and memorize the words:

cold - застуда;

quinsy - ангіна;

flu (influenza) - грип;

measles - кір;

scarlet fever - скарлатина;

tuberculosis (TB) - туберкульоз

ulcer - виразка;

typhoid - черевний тиф;

1.2 Match the words-combinations:

in most cases висип з’являється

stay in bed вдягати рукавички

feel weak поширення інфекції

sneezing and coughing у більшості випадків

rash appears відчувати слабкість

the spread of infection залишатися в ліжку

wear gloves чхання та кашель

2. Reading activities

2.1 Read the texts carefully and learn about diseases such as measles and influenza.

Influenza

Influenza is an acute infectious epidemic disease caused by a virus. All ages are liable to the disease. The onset is sudden. The symptoms of influenza are: high temperature, headache and neuralgic and muscular pain. After being infected with influenza patients feel weak and often depressed. There are mild and severe cases of the disease. In most cases, the patient must stay in bed, be warm and drink a lot of liquid. The patient must stay in bed until the temperature is normal. The next two or three days he may be up for only short periods of time. Sometimes pneumonia develops as a complication after grippe.