Ex. 1. Read the international words and guess their meaning. Mind the stress:

'orienting	'interest	uni'versity
'candidate	'college	syste'matic
'vacancy	'history	publi'cation
'agency	'contact	associ'ation

Ex. 2. Memorise the following pairs of derivatives:

V → N	N → Adj
orient – orientation	system – systematic
publish – publication	vocation – vocational
train – training	profession – professional
apply – applicant	effect – effective
attend – attendance	care – careful

Ex. 3. Find the synonyms in the text to the following words:

recruit, employee, candidate, vacancy, present employee.

Ex. 4. Match English and Russian equivalents:

1. to fill a vacancy	a. знать что-либо
2. be familiar with	b. быть известным
3. be well known	c. интервью наедине
4. to improve morale	d. исключить кандидатов
5. state employment agency	e. соответствовать квалификационным требованиям
6. to match the job specification	f. заполнить вакансию
7. to eliminate applicants	g. государственное агентство по трудоустройству
8. face-to-face interview	h. улучшать моральное состояние

Ex. 5. Choose the right variant:

1. Most organisations look first to ____ to find possible candidates.

a) current employees b) newspapers c) employment agencies

2. Promoting from within the company improves ...

a) employees b) work c) morale

2. Recruiting at colleges gives a possibility to pick a candidate ___.

a) of desired young age b) with the desired training

c) with excellent marks

2. By asking all candidates employers can ______ applicants who are clearly unsuited.

a) improve b) eliminate c) recruit

2. Many companies require a ________ examination before hiring.

a) physical b) personal c) cross.

Ex. 6. Insert the right preposition:

1. A present employee has already been familiar ___ company operations. 2. The abilities of a current employee are also well known ___ management. 3. Moving a current employee ___ an opening also saves the time. 4. In many cases no current employee is really suitable ___ a position that is open. 5. Selection is the process of picking the candidate thought to be the most likely to succeed ___ the job.

Ex. 7. Insert the right word:

(accuracy, systematic, effective, selection, preliminary).

1. Managers need ___ procedures for recruiting, selecting, hiring, and orienting new employees. 2. Private or state employment agencies do ___ screening. 3. A written application is an ___ selection tool. 4. The face-to-face interview remains a central part of the _____ process. 5. One goal of the investigation is to check the _____ of the information given on the application.

Ex. 8. Mark the sentences that are true:

1. Promoting someone from within to fill a vacancy has more disadvantages. 2. Managers often use employment tests and intelligence tests to find out the candidate's abilities. 3. The investigator may contact the police, relatives or other people who know the candidate. 4. The only goal of the investigation is to uncover all negative facts about the applicants. 5. The last step in the hiring process is to improve an applicant's morale.

Ex. 9. Answer the questions to the text:

1. What is the best source for filling a vacancy?

2. What are some other sources for recruiting new employees when openings exist?

3. What are the basic procedures for selection of an applicant?

4. Why do companies carry out an investigation of the information given by the applicant?

5. What is the last step in the recruitment process?

3.4. Специальность "Менеджмент"

ТЕКСТЫ ДЛЯ ЧТЕНИЯ

Texts for Reading

Text 1. BUSINESS ACTIVITIES

1. Business includes the activities of all commercial producers of goods¹ and services. These producers range from small shops owned² by one person to huge organizations owned by thousands of stockholders³ who have shares⁴ in the companies. The word business may refer to producers of the same product or service, such as the clothing business or the insurance business. a) _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

2. b) _ _ _ _ _ _ _. From orange juice to air travel, business provides almost all the goods and services that we use daily. It also supplies⁵ most of the jobs and salaries that enable us to buy those goods and services.

3. The world of business includes a tremendous variety of products and services, some of which we may never see. For example, many people think of an automobile as the product of an assembly line⁶ in a plant. But the assembly line is only the final stage of a long process involving many companies. c) _ _ _ _ _ _ _. Manufacturing a car also requires the services of people in such professions as drafting, engineering, and tool making. Business also includes advertising, selling, and other marketing activities.

4. Business in a free enterprise system depends on factors both in the economy and within individual companies. The most important of these factors include (1) productive resources, (2) profits, and (3) competition⁷.

5. Productive resources enable business firms to produce goods and provide services. They include natural resources – land and raw materials, such as minerals, water, and sunlight; capital – a company's factories, supplies, and equipment, and its money to buy these things; labor – the work of a company's employees; and technology – a firm's scientific and business research and inventions.

6. Profits are the earnings⁸ of a firm after all expenses⁹ have been paid. d) _ _ _ _ _ _ _. The goal of nearly all business firms is to earn a maximum profit.

7. Competition among business firms affects the price and quality of goods and services. Firms must maintain¹⁰ reasonable prices and standards to attract and keep customers. People are not likely to buy from a company if they are dissatisfied with its product, or if they can purchase¹¹ the product for less money elsewhere. Firms compete for sales by using such techniques as advertising and by offering special discounts¹² or bonuses¹³.

8. Certain types of businesses have few or no competitors. e) _ _ _ _ _ _ _. For example, nearly all public utility companies¹⁴ have a legal monopoly in their fields. In providing such services as electricity and water, one company can operate more efficiently than several competing firms. Other enterprises, such as airports and railroads, are too expensive for several companies to operate in the same area. In these types of businesses, government regulation replaces competition in setting prices and establishing standards of quality.

Notes: 1) товар; 2) владеть; 3) акционеры; 4) акции; 5) поставлять; 6) сборочный конвейер; 7) конкуренция; 8) прибыль, заработок; 9) расходы; 10) поддерживать; 11) покупать; 12) скидки; 13) премиальные надбавки; 14) коммунальные предприятия.

COMPREHENSION CHECK

Ex. 1. Read the text. Decide which sentence goes in each of the gaps in the text:

1. Business affects nearly every part of our lives.

2. These companies include producers of batteries, glass, steel, tires, and upholstery.

3. Most of these businesses provide essential services to the public.

4. An individual enterprise (предприятие) may also be called a business.

5. These expenses include the costs of productive resources in the form of wages, rent, and interest.

Ex. 2. Translate paragraphs 5, 6, and 7 in writing.

Ex. 3. Read the text again and choose the correct alternative for each of the following questions:

1. Which producers can be referred to commercial ones?

1. These are people or companies which produce goods and provide services.

2. These are people who own shops.

3. These are different organisations.

2. Which factors does business depend on?

1. Productive resources and profits.

2. Profits.

3. Competition, productive resources and profits.

3. Why are productive resources so important for any business?

1. Because they affect the price and quality of goods and services.

2. Because they are the only important factor of any business.

3. Because they give a possibility to a business to produce goods and provide services.

4. What is the goal of most firms?

1. To earn as much money as possible.

2. To produce as many goods as possible

3. To provide as many services as possible.

5. Who regulates activities of legal monopolies instead of competition?

1. Legal monopolies do it themselves.

2. Governments.

3. Consumers.