4. Нереальные условия в настоящем и прошлом The Unreal Present and Past

Когда речь идет о нереальных, воображаемых или невозможных ситуациях в настоящем, глагол, выражающий действие, которое противоречит действительности, употребляется в past simple. Если нереальное действие относится к прошлому, то глагол следует употреблять в past perfect.

Past Simple	Past Perfect
в условных предложениях 2 типа: E.g. If he knew the truth, he would be very angry.	в условных предложениях 3 типа: E.g. If she had asked me, I would have helped her.
после suppose/supposing, когда предполагаемое действие относится к настоящему или будущему: E.g. Suppose/Supposing they didn't invite you, what would you do?	после suppose/supposing, когда предполагаемое действие относится к прошлому: E.g. Suppose/Supposing you had lost your money, what would you have done?
после wish/if only, когда предполагаемое действие относится к настоящему или будущему: E.g. I wish/If only I had a lot of money.	после wish/if only, когда предполагаемое действие относится к прошлому: E.g. I wish/If only I hadn't them to my party.
после конструкции would rather, когда нереальное действие относится к настоящему или будущему: E.g. I'd rather Lisa went to the market today.	после конструкции would rather, когда нереальное действие относится к прошлому: E.g. I'd rather you hadn't said anything about it.
в придаточных предложениях образа действия после союзов as if/as though (как если бы/как будто), когда предполагаемое действие относится к настоящему или будущему: E.g. Jim behaves as if/as though he were the boss. Джим ведет себя, как если бы он был боссом. (Но он не босс, и говорящий это знает.)	в придаточных предложениях образа действия после союзов as if/as though (как если бы/как будто), когда предполагаемое действие относится к прошлому: E.g. He hadn't seen her before, but he acted as if/as though he had known her for years.
после конструкции it's (about/high) time – пора, (самое) время: E.g. It's (about/high) time they did something about it.

Ex. 35. Choose the correct tense:

1. It's about time she learnt/had learnt how to cook.

2. I'd rather you didn't touch/had not touched my favourite vase. You may break it.

3. If she heard/had heard the news, she would have called us by now.

4. They would have opened the door if they knew/had known who was there.

5. It's high time they made/had made some changes.

6. I wish I saved/had saved some money last month.

7. Ben would have taken up sport earlier if he realized/had realized how much fun it was.

8. Tom speaks to everyone as if he knew/had known everything.

9. He would rather you didn't open/hadn't opened the letter. He wanted to do it himself.

10. Suppose you met/had met him, what would you say to him?

11. If only he called/had called me last night, we could have gone out.

12. I'd rather Mary spent/had spent the night with us. It's snowing too heavily for her to drive home.

13. If you knew/had known what she did yesterday, you would be very surprised.

14. Supposing she were seen/had been seen leaving early, what would have happened?

Ex. 36. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense:

1. Try to live each day as if it … (be) your last.

2. The tea was not made with sour milk, but it tasted as if it … (be/made) with sour milk.

3. Tony knew nothing, but he acted as if he … (know) something.

4. She isn't the Queen of England, but she talks as if she … (be) the Queen of England.

5. The girl was staring at the car as if she … (never/see) one before.

6. He behaves as if he … (be) the boss of the company, but I'm glad to say he's not.

7. When he saw my new haircut, he looked at me as if I … (just/step off) a spaceship.

8. It was so hot after the aerobics class I felt as though my face … (be) on fire.

9. Bob hadn't received any news but he seemed really happy as if he … (just/receive) news of his promotion.

10. My father is so strict, he acts as if he … (be) a general in the army.

11. His employees are not slaves but he treats them as if they … (be).

12. She is not from Spain but she speaks Spanish as if she … (be) from Spain.

13. He looked as if he … (see) a ghost.

Ex. 37. Choose the correct answer:

1. "Suppose you … some money, what would you do with it?"

"I'd probably go on holiday."

1. win;

2. won;

3. would win.

2. "I've got Jim's book. Can you give it to him, please?"

"Well, if I … him, I'll give it to him."

1. will see;

2. saw;

3. see.

3. "I have to get up early tomorrow."

"Then you'd better … to bed early tonight."

1. be going;

2. to go;

3. go.

4. "Can I go out tonight, Mum?"

"I'd rather you … at home and did your homework."

1. stayed;

2. stay;

3. will stay.

5. "It's high time you … a job, Trevor."

"I know. I've got an interview next week, actually."

1. have got;

2. will get;

3. got.

6. "It's getting cold."

"We'd better … our jackets on."

1. to put;

2. putting;

3. put.

7. "Is Jill coming to the party tonight?"

"Well, if nobody invited her, she … to the party."

1. will come;

2. won't come;

3. is coming.

8. "Let's have a party this weekend."

"I'd rather we … it this weekend. I'm busy."

1. didn't have;

2. don't have;

3. haven't.

9. "I've just passed my driving test."

"Congratulations. I wish I … a car"

1. will drive;

2. could drive;

3. would drive.

10. "I've lost my keys again, Dad."

"If you had put them on the table, you … them."

1. wouldn't have lost;

2. won't lose;

3. didn't lose.

11. "I wish I had more money."

"Then it's about time you … spending everything you earn."

1. will stop;

2. stopped;

3. stop.

12. "Suppose you … lost, what would you do?"

"I'd go to a police station."

1. got;

2. had got;

3. would get.

13. "I've got a terrible headache."

"You'd better … an aspirin."

1. to take;

2. take;

3. taking.

14. "Let's go to the supermarket tonight."

"I'd rather … go tonight. I'm very tired."

1. not;

2. I don't;

3. I didn't.

15. " … Belinda should visit you, please tell her I'll see her tonight."

"Okay, I'll do that."

1. suppose;

2. supposing;

3. if.

Ex. 38. Correct the error or errors in each sentence:

1. I wish I bought that old house.

2. I'd rather you don't eat all the bread.

3. It's time I go.

4. I wish I own a motorbike.

5. I wish we are not leaving in the morning.

6. Sue would rather reading than watching television.

7. I wish I didn't listen to you before.

Ex. 39. Complete each sentence with one word:

1. It's … time you learned to look after yourself!

2. I wish you … try listening to me just for once!

3. I … rather not go by bus, if possible.

4. … that as it may, it doesn't alter the seriousness of the problem.

5. I wish Carol … be here to see you all.

6. We both wish you … staying longer.

7. You … as if you had played in the match instead of watching it!

8. … they offered you the job of managing director!

9. I really wish we … married.

10. I … you didn't mind my phoning so late.

Ex. 40. Decide whether each sentence is grammatically possible or not:

1. If you haven't received a letter yet, you haven't got the job.

2. If it isn't for David, we are missing the bus.

3. If it isn't raining, we go to the pub on the corner instead.

4. If you didn't lend us the money, we would have gone to the bank.

5. If you should happen to change your mind, drop me a line.

6. If it wasn't for the rain, we would have been home by now.

7. If I knew you were coming, I would have met you at the airport.

8. But for you helped us, we would have taken much longer.

9. If Jack joins the team, I'm leaving.

Ex. 41. Rewrite each sentence, beginning as shown, so that the meaning stays the same:

E.g. Working so much will make you tired.

If you work so much, you will get tired.

1. I regret drinking so much last night! If only …

2. What would you do if there was an earthquake? Supposing …

3. If you do the shopping, I'll cook lunch. You …

4. What would you do if you found some buried treasure? If you were …

5. If Pauline hadn't been interested, the project would have been abandoned. But for …

6. If by any chance you find my wallet, could you let me know? If you happen …

7. I might be late. If so, start without me. If I …

8. The fire was brought under control thanks to the night-watchman. If it hadn't …

9. Dick is in prison because a detective recognized him. If a detective …