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Ex. 12. Fill in: if or when:

Dear Mr Wong,

We would like to congratulate you once again on winning our first prize of a week's holiday in England. 1) … you arrive at Heathrow airport, a limo will be waiting for you to take you straight to your hotel. You will probably want to go to bed 2) … you get there as you will have had a long day. 3) … you wake up the next day, you will be served a full English breakfast in bed. Then, you will have the rest of the week to explore London at your leisure or 4) … you prefer, you can travel to one of the nearby towns. 5) … you want to hire a car, remember to drive on the left and be especially careful 6) … approaching or leaving roundabouts. Anyway, I'm sure you will find the English very helpful 7) … you need any advice. 8) … you have any questions before you leave, please do not hesitate to contact me.

Yours sincerely,

Mike Baldwin

Ex. 13. Look at the information in brackets and complete the sentences using if or when and a verb in the present simple:

E.g. (I may see Tom tonight). If I see Tom, I'll tell him the news.

  1. (The alarm will ring soon). … we all have to leave the building.

  2. (I might feel better tomorrow). … I'll probably go back to work.

  3. (This film finishes at ten). … I'll stop the video.

  4. (The plan may not work). … we'll have to think of something else.

  • Можно использовать союз unless (если не) вместо ifnot в придаточных условных предложениях 1 типа. После союза unless глагол всегда идет в утвердительной форме.

E.g. Unless you leave now, you'll miss the bus. (= If you don't leave now, you'll miss the bus.) (NOT: Unless you don't leave now, …)

Если ты не выйдешь сейчас же, ты опоздаешь на автобус.

Ex. 14. Complete the sentences using unless and the information in brackets:

  1. You won't get there in time … (if you don't hurry).

  2. We can't have a picnic … (if it isn't a nice day).

  3. Don't leave the TV on … (if you aren't watching it).

  4. We can't do the job … (if we don't get help).

  5. I wouldn't have bought the picture … (if I didn't like it).

Ex. 15. Fill in the gaps with if or unless:

    1. Rachel will be pleased … she passes her driving test.

    2. The bus won't stop … you ring the bell.

    3. I can't read your letters … you type them.

    4. Emma will be upset … she doesn't get the job.

    5. You can't go into the reception … you've got a ticket.

    6. Don't bother to ring me … it's important.

  • Если нужно сказать, что что-то делается заранее для того, чтобы избежать возможных проблем в будущем, употребляется союз in case.

E.g. Take a sandwich with you in case you get hungry.

Возьми с собой сэндвич на тот случай, если ты проголодаешься. Действие главного предложения совершается раньше действия придаточного.

Когда нужно сказать, что что-то сделается, если выполнится определенное условие, используется союз if.

E.g. If you get hungry, take a sandwich.

Если проголодаешься, возьми сэндвич. Действие главного предложения совершается позже действия придаточного.

Ex. 16. What could you say in these situations? Use in case:

  1. You think Vicky had better take a coat. It might get cold.

You to Vicky: …

  1. You think you and Mark had better book a table. The restaurant might be busy.

You to Mark: …

  1. You think Claire ought to insure her jewellery. It might get stolen.

You to Claire: …

  1. You'll leave David your phone number. He might want to contact you.

You to David: …

Ex. 17. Jake lives next door to Melanie. Complete their conversation. Put in if, when, unless or in case:

Jake:

A man is delivering a washing-machine this morning, but I have to go to work. I won't be here (1) … he calls. Could you let him in for me, please, (2) … you're terribly busy?

Melanie:

Oh, that's no problem.

Jake:

Oh, thanks. (3) … you could do that, I'd be really grateful. I'll leave a message on his answerphone. And (4) … he doesn't get the message, I'll put a note on the door, just to make sure. He'll see it (5) … he comes.

  • Мы можем употреблять were вместо was для всех лиц в предложениях 2 типа.

E.g. If Rick was/were here, we could have a party.

  • Когда мы хотим дать совет, мы используем конструкцию If I were you

E.g. If I were you, I wouldn't complain about it.

На твоем месте я бы не жаловался на счет этого.

  • Следующие выражения могут использоваться вместо if: provided/providing that (при условии), as long as (если), suppose/supposing (при условии).

E.g. a) You can see Mr. Carter provided you have an appointment.

Вы можете встретиться с мистером Картером, при условии/если вам назначена встреча.

b) You will all have dinner together providing Mary comes on time.

Мы будем обедать все вместе, если Мэри придет вовремя.

с) You may use my car as long as you drive carefully.

Ты можешь воспользоваться моей машиной, если будешь водить осторожно.

d) Suppose/supposing the boss came now, what would you say?

Предположим, если бы начальник сейчас пришел, что бы ты ему сказал?