
- •28 Июня 2002 г., протокол № 11
- •Isbn 985-6705-17-7
- •Раздел I
- •1.1. Содержание зачета по английскому языку
- •1.2. Образцы заданий
- •1.2.1. Образец лексико-грамматического теста
- •1.2.2. Образцы текстов для чтения Специальность "Правоведение" social conditions and crime
- •1.2.3. Образцы текстов для чтения Специальность "Менеджмент" a brand new image
- •1.2.4. Образцы текстов для чтения Специальность "Социальная работа" Jane Addams
- •Образец ситуации Fields of Social Work
- •1.3. Рекомендации по подготовке к зачету по английскому языку
- •Для студентов специальности "Правоведение"
- •Для студентов специальности "Менеджмент"
- •Для студентов специальности "Социальная работа"
- •1.4. Рекомендации по выполнению и оформлению контрольных работ
- •1.5. Контрольные работы
- •1.5.1. Специальность "Правоведение" Контрольная работа № 3 Вариант 1
- •Reading crime prevention
- •Comprehension check
- •Language work
- •Grammar practice Ex. 11. Reported statements and questions. Put the following into indirect speech:
- •Контрольная работа № 3 Вариант 2
- •Reading child abuse
- •Comprehension check
- •Language work
- •Grammar practice Ex. 11. Reported statements and questions. Put the following into indirect speech:
- •Ex. 12. Reported сommands:
- •Ex. 13. Read the story in a) and write the actual words of the conversation in b): the marriage proposal
- •1.5.2. Специальность "Менеджмент" Контрольная работа № 3 Вариант 1
- •Ex. 1. Before you read the text look at the following words and try to guess what the text is about:
- •Ex. 2. Choose a suitable word from those above and complete the sentences below:
- •Reading broad banding
- •Comprehension check Ex. 3. Which of the following is the main idea of the text:
- •Ex. 4. Mark the following statements as true or false:
- •Ex. 5. Read the text again and write a question to each of the following answers:
- •Ex. 6. Complete the sentences according to the text:
- •Language work Ex. 7. Choose the synonyms from the box to the highlighted words:
- •Ex. 8 Use the words given in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits in the space in the same line:
- •Ex. 9. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate prepositions or adverbs:
- •Grammar practice Ex. 10 Reported statements and questions. Put the following into indirect speech:
- •Контрольная работа № 3 Вариант 2
- •Ex. 1. Before you read the text look at the following words and try to guess what the text is about:
- •Ex. 2. Choose a suitable word from those above and complete the sentences below:
- •Reading managers and motivation
- •Comprehension check Ex. 3. Which of the following is the main idea of the text:
- •Ex. 4. Mark the following statements as true or false:
- •Ex. 5. Read the text again and write a question to each of the following answers:
- •Ex. 6. Complete the sentences according to the text:
- •Language work Ex. 7. Choose the synonyms from the box to the highlighted words:
- •Ex. 8. Use the words given in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits in the space in the same line:
- •Ex. 9. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate prepositions or adverbs:
- •Grammar practice Ex. 10. Reported statements and questions. Put the following into indirect speech:
- •Ex. 11. Reported сommands.
- •Ex. 12. Read the story in a) and write the actual words of the conversation in b) the marriage proposal
- •1.5.3. Специальность "Социальная работа" Контрольная работа № 3 Вариант 1
- •Reading social psychology
- •Comprehension check
- •Language work
- •Grammar practice Ex. 10 Reported statements and questions. Put the following into indirect speech:
- •Контрольная работа № 3 Вариант 2
- •Reading psychotherapy
- •Comprehension check
- •Language work
- •Grammar practice Ex. 10. Reported statements and questions. Put the following into indirect speech:
- •Ex. 11. Reported сommands. Choose the verb that can be used to report the direct speech. Tick (V) the correct box:
- •Ex. 12. Read the story in a) and write the actual words of the conversation in b) the marriage proposal
- •Раздел 2. Грамматика
- •2.1. Прямая и косвенная речь. Direct and indirect/reported speech
- •2.1.1. Правила перевода прямой речи в косвенную
- •2.1.2. Вопросительные предложения в косвенной речи
- •Или She inquired (wanted to know) where the booking-office was.
- •Он сказал: "Вы будете там завтра?"
- •2.1.3. Повелительные предложения в косвенной речи
- •Indirect Speech – She warned the children not to swim too far.
- •2.1.4. Передача восклицания в косвенной речи
- •2.1.5. Передача косвенной речи в прямую речь Ex. 14. Put the following into direct speech, using a dialogue form:
- •2.1.6. Test
- •When I saw Michelle yesterday …
- •When I saw my friends yesterday …
- •When I saw Susan yesterday …
- •2.2. Модальные глаголы
- •2.2.1. Общие сведения
- •2.2.2. Модальный глагол "can" table I
- •Ex. 3. Fill in the gaps with can, can't, could, couldn't or was/wasn't able to:
- •2.2.3. Модальный глагол "may" table II
- •2.2.4. Модальные глаголы "must, have to, need, be to" table III
- •2.2.5. Модальные глаголы should, ought to table IV
- •2.2.6. Revision
- •2.2.7. Тест Modal verbs
- •2.3. Conditionals Условные предложения
- •2.3.1. Типы условных предложений
- •Ex. 5. Paraphrase the sentences in order to make Type 2 conditional sentences:
- •Ex. 8. What does the if – clause mean? Write a sentence with isn't or might:
- •Ex. 12. Fill in: if or when:
- •Если ты не выйдешь сейчас же, ты опоздаешь на автобус.
- •Ex. 18. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense:
- •Ex. 19. Choose the correct answer:
- •Ex. 20. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense:
- •Ex. 21. Choose the correct answer:
- •2.3.2. Условные предложения смешанного типа Mixed Conditionals
- •Ex. 23. Rewrite the sentences, as in the example:
- •2.3.3. Пожелания Wishes
- •Нереальные условия в настоящем и прошлом The Unreal Present and Past
- •2.2.5. Тест
- •Раздел 3. Чтение
- •3.1. Специальность "Правоведение"
- •Topic 1. Lawyer
- •Vocabulary
- •Topic 2. What is a crime?
- •Vocabulary
- •Topic 3. The causes of crime
- •Vocabulary
- •Topic 4. Punishment
- •Vocabulary
- •Topic 5. From the history of capital punishment
- •Vocabulary
- •Comprehension check
- •Text 2. Forms of crime
- •Comprehension check
- •Text 3. Someone is burgled every two minutes in the uk
- •Comprehension check
- •Text 4. Keep your car safe
- •Comprehension check
- •Text 5. It's interesting to know
- •Comprehension check
- •Text 6. Prisons
- •Comprehension check
- •Text 7. Crime in sweden
- •Comprehension check
- •3.3. Специальность "Менеджмент" устные темы Topic 1. The work of a manager
- •Ex. 1. Read the international words and guess their meaning. Mind the stress:
- •Ex. 2. Memorise the following pairs of derivatives:
- •Ex. 3. Find the synonyms in the text to the following words:
- •Ex. 4. Match English and Russian equivalents:
- •Ex. 5. Choose the right word:
- •Ex. 6. Insert the right preposition:
- •Ex. 7. Use the words in the sentences of your own:
- •Ex. 8. Mark the sentences that are true:
- •Ex. 9. Answer the questions to the text:
- •Topic 2. Management functions Task: read the text, get ready to render its content in English:
- •Ex. 1. Read the international words and guess their meaning. Mind the stress:
- •Ex. 2. Memorise the following pairs of derivatives:
- •Ex. 3. Transform as in the models:
- •Ex. 4. Match English and Russian equivalents:
- •Ex. 5. Choose the right word:
- •Ex. 6. Insert the right preposition/adverb:
- •Ex. 1. Read the international words and guess their meaning. Mind the stress:
- •Ex. 2. Memorise the following pairs of derivatives:
- •Ex. 3. Transform as in the models:
- •Ex. 4. Match English and Russian equivalents.
- •Ex. 5. Choose the right word:
- •Ex. 6. Insert the right preposition/adverb:
- •Ex. 7. Use the words and word combinations in the sentences of your own:
- •Ex. 8. Mark the sentences that are true:
- •Ex. 9. Answer the questions to the text:
- •Topic 4. Personnel management Task: read the text, get ready to render its content in English:
- •Ex. 1. Read the international words and guess their meaning. Mind the stress:
- •Ex. 2. Memorise the following pairs of derivatives:
- •Ex. 3. Transform as in the models:
- •Ex. 4. Match English and Russian equivalents:
- •Ex. 5. Choose the right word:
- •Ex. 6. Insert the right preposition:
- •Ex. 1. Read the international words and guess their meaning. Mind the stress:
- •Ex. 2. Memorise the following pairs of derivatives:
- •Ex. 3. Find the synonyms in the text to the following words:
- •Ex. 4. Match English and Russian equivalents:
- •Ex. 5. Choose the right variant:
- •Ex. 6. Insert the right preposition:
- •Ex. 7. Insert the right word:
- •Ex. 8. Mark the sentences that are true:
- •Ex. 4. Put 8-10 questions on the text so that they cover its content. Text 2. How a corporation operates
- •Ex. 4. Put 8-10 questions on the text so that they cover its content. Text 3. Other forms of business
- •Ex. 4. Put 8-10 questions on the text so that they cover its content. Text 4. Choice of ownership form
- •Ex. 4. Put 5-7 questions on the text so that they cover its content. Text 5. Approaches to management
- •Text 6. Decision-making techniques
- •Comprehension check Ex. 1. Read the text. Decide which sentence goes in each of the gaps in the text:
- •Ex. 2. Translate paragraph 4 in writing. Ex. 3. Read the text again and choose the correct alternative for each of the following questions:
- •Ex. 4. Put 5-7 questions on the text so that they cover its content. Text 7. Plans and planning process
- •Comprehension check Ex. 1. Read the text. Decide which sentence goes in each of the gaps in the text:
- •Ex. 2. Translate paragraphs 2 and 3 in writing. Ex. 3. Read the text again and choose the correct alternative for each of the following questions:
- •Topic 1. Social work. History
- •Ex.1 Read these international words and guess their meaning. Mind the stress:
- •Topic 2. Fields of social work
- •Ex. 1 Read these international words and guess their meaning. Mind the stress:
- •Ex. 2. Complete the following table with the appropriate verb or noun:
- •Topic 3. Social work profession
- •Topic 4. Types of social workers
- •Topic 5. Social work agencies and training social workers
- •3.6. Специальность "Социальная работа"
- •Тексты для чтения
- •Texts for Reading
- •Text 1. Bases of psychology
- •Ex. 4. Put 8-10 questions on the text so that they cover its content. Text 2. Major schools of psychology
- •12. Psychoanalysis was founded during the late 1800's and early 1900's by the Austrian doctor Sigmund Freud. F) _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
- •Comprehension check
- •Ex. 2. Translate paragraph 1, 2 in writing.
- •Text 3. Communication in relationships
- •Comprehension check
- •Text 4. Adulthood
- •Comprehension check
- •Text 5. Social aspects of aging
- •Comprehension check
- •Text 6. Choosing lifetime sports
- •Comprehension check
- •Text 7. The social aspects of smoking
- •Comprehension check
- •Раздел 2
- •Раздел 3
- •Topic 1
- •Topic 2
- •Topic 3
- •Topic 4
- •Topic 5
- •Topic 5
- •Topic 1
- •Topic 2
- •Topic 3
- •Topic 4
- •Topic 5
- •Содержание
- •Английский язык
- •Белорусского государственного университета.
- •220 037, Минск, ул. Ботаническая, 15.
- •220 037, Минск, ул. Ботаническая, 15. Тел. 233-98-46.
2.3. Conditionals Условные предложения
2.3.1. Типы условных предложений
Придаточное условное предложение (conditional clause) – это предложение, содержащее условие, которое необходимо для осуществления действия главного предложения. В английском языке главное и придаточное предложение обычно соединяются союзом if (если).
В английском языке существуют три типа условных предложений: Type 1, Type 2 and Type 3. Можно также выделить тип обычного придаточного предложения – Type 0.
Условные предложения 0 типа выражают такое условие, которое всегда влечет за собой осуществление действия главного предложения. В этом случае мы можем употребить when (когда = whenever (когда бы ни)) вместо if.
E.g. If/When the sun shines, snow melts.
Если/Когда светит солнце, снег тает.
Условные предложения 1 типа употребляются для выражения реальной или очень вероятной ситуации в настоящем или будущем.
E.g. If you don't apologize, I won't talk to you.
Если ты не извинишься, я не буду с тобой разговаривать.
Условные предложения 2 типа используются для того, чтобы выразить воображаемую ситуацию, которая противоречит настоящей действительности, а, следовательно, вряд ли случится в настоящем или будущем.
E.g. If I won the lottery, I would buy an expensive car and I would go on holiday to a tropical island next summer.
Если бы я выиграл в лотерею, я бы купил дорогую машину и следующим летом отправился бы в отпуск на тропический остров.
Условные предложения 3 типа употребляются, чтобы выразить воображаемую ситуацию, которая противоречит фактам в прошлом. Это используется для того, чтобы выразить сожаление или замечание по поводу прошедших событий.
E.g. John got up late, so he missed the bus. If John hadn't got up late, he wouldn't have missed the bus.
Джон встал поздно, поэтому опоздал на автобус. Если бы Джон не встал поздно, он бы не опоздал на автобус.
Все типы условных предложений, а также употребление времен в главном и придаточном предложениях, могут быть представлены в следующей таблице:
|
If– clause (условие) |
Main clause (следствие) |
Type 0 (general truth) общая истина |
if + present simple |
present simple |
If the temperature falls below 0ºC, water turns into ice. Если температура падает ниже 0ºC, вода превращается в лед. |
||
Type 1 (real present) реальное условие в настоящем |
if + present simple, present continuous, present perfect or present perfect continuous |
future/imperative can/may/might/must/should/could + bare infinitive |
If he doesn't pay the fine, he will go to prison. Если он не заплатит штраф, он отправится в тюрьму. If you need help, come and see me. Если тебе понадобится помощь, обратись ко мне. If you have finished your work, we can have a break. Если ты уже закончил свою работу, мы можем сделать перерыв. |
||
Type 2 (unreal present) нереальное условие в настоящем |
if + past simple or past continuous |
would/could/might + bare infinitive |
If I had time, I would take up a sport. (but I don't have time – untrue in the present) Если бы у меня было время, я бы занялся спортом. (но у меня нет времени – нереальное условие в настоящем) |
||
Type 3 (unreal past) нереальное условие в прошлом |
if + past perfect or past perfect continuous |
would/could/might + have + past participle |
If she had studied harder, she would have passed the test. (but she didn't study hard – untrue in the past) Если бы она училась прилежнее, она бы сдала тест. (но она не училась – нереальное условие в прошлом). |
Ex. 1. Match the items in column A with those in column B in order to make correct Type 0 conditional sentences:
A |
B |
1. You add sugar to a cup of coffee. |
a. The apple floats. |
2. You throw salt onto snow. |
b. Your skin turns red. |
3. You put an apple in a bowl of water. |
c. The coffee tastes sweater. |
4. You water plants regularly. |
d. You feel healthy. |
5. You lie in the sun too long. |
e. The plants grow. |
6. You take regular exercise. |
f. The snow melts. |
Ex. 2. Read the conversation and then choose the correct forms:
Rachel: |
Have you heard about the pop festival? |
Vicky: |
Yes, (1) it's/it'll be good if Express are playing. They are a great band. |
Rachel: |
Will be you able to go, Nick? |
Nick: |
If (2) I ask/I'll ask my boss, he'll give me some time off work, I expect. |
Vicky: |
How are we going to get there? |
Rachel: |
Well, If (3) there are/there'll be enough people, we can hire a minibus. |
Vicky: |
I won't be going if (4) it's/it'll be too expensive. |
Rachel: |
It (5) doesn't costing/won't cost much if we all (6) share/will share the cost. |
Nick: |
If (7) I see/I'll see the others later on tonight, (8) I ask/I'll ask them if they want to go. |
Ex. 3. Make Type 1 conditional sentences, as in the example:
E.g. If we cut down all the forests, the world's climate will change.
not stop/use/aerosols/destroy/ozone layer;
find/alternative sources of energy/solve/some of our environmental problems;
temperatures/go up/by a few degrees/see levels/rise;
recycle/waste/save/natural resources;
population/continue to increase/not be enough food for everyone.
Ex. 4. Comment on the situations. Use Type 1 conditional sentences:
E.g. It might rain. If it does, everyone can eat inside.
If it rains, everyone can eat inside.
The children mustn't go near Nick's dog. It'll bite them.
Rachel might fail her driving test. But she can take it again.
United might lose. If they do, Tom will be upset.
The office may be closed. In that case Mark won't be able to get in.
Nick may arrive a bit earlier. If he does, he can help Tom to get things ready.
The party might go on all night. If it does, no one will want to do any work tomorrow.
Emma may miss the train. But she can get the next one.
Is Matthew going to enter the race? He'll probably win it.