II. Vocabulary Section

VOCABULARY STUDY

1. Detection n [dɪ'tekʃ(ə)n] обнаружение

2. Production n [prə'dʌkʃ(ə)n] производство

3. Manufacture n [ˌmænjə'fækʧə] изготовление

4. Consumption n [kən'sʌm(p)ʃ(ə)n] потребление

5. Environment n [ɪn'vaɪər(ə)nmənt] окружающая среда

6. Survival n [sə'vaɪv(ə)l] выживание, долговечность

7. Growing ['grəuɪŋ] рост

8. Microorganism n [ˌmaɪkrə(u)'ɔːg(ə)nɪz(ə)m] микроорганизмы

9. Hazard n ['hæzədŋ] факторы риска

10. Elaborate v [ɪ'læb(ə)reɪt] переработать

11. Store v [stɔː] хранить

12. Guarantee of safety [ˌgær(ə)n'tiː ɔv 'seɪftɪ] гарантия безопасности

13. Virions n ['vaɪrɪn] вирион

15.Protein coat белковая оболочка

16. Envelope n ['envəlɔu оболочка

17. Vector n ['vektə] переносчик болезней

18. Prion n ['prɪ(ə)n] прионы (возбудители некоторых

нейродегенеративных заболеваний человека животных) 19. Misfolded ['mɪsfəuldɪd] неправильно упакованный белок 

20. Host specificity [həust ˌspesə'fɪsətɪ] хозяинная специфичность

21. Bacteria n [bækˈtɪəriə ] бактерия

22. Domain n [dəˈmeɪn] домен

23. Motile adj ['moutəl] способный передвигаться

24. Spongiform encephalopathies губчатая энцефалопатия крупного рогатого скота

25. Waterborne adj ['wɔːtəbɔːn] предающийся через воду

26.Fungi n pl ['fΛnʤai] грибок

27.Eukaryotic [ju'kæriˈotɪk] эукариотический

28.Yeast n [jɪst] дрожжевые грибки

29.Mould n [mould] плесень

30.Ringworm n трихофития, стригущий лишай

31.Microsporidia n pl [ˌmaikrouspəˌridiə] микроспоридии

32.Phylum n ['failəm] тип

33.Unicellular adj одноклеточный

34.Protist n [proutist] протист, одноклеточный организм

33.Protozoa n pl [proutə`zouə] простейшие

34.Helminths n pl [helminƟs] гельминты, паразитические кишечные черви

35.Ascaris lumbricoides n [`æskəris `laːmbrəˌkoidis] аскаридоз

36.Samples n pl ['sæspləs] образцы

37.Complication n ['kompliˌkeiʃən] осложнение

38.Dengue n ['deŋgi] тропическая лихорадка

39.Streptococcus [streptə'kaːkəs] стрептококк

40.Mucus n ['mjuːkəs] мокрота

41.Saliva n [sə'laivə] слюна

42.Faeces n pl ['fiːsiːz] испражнения

43.Magnifying lens n ['mægnifaiiŋ lens] увеличительные линзы

44.Merchant n ['məːʧənt] торговец

45.Weave n ['wiːv] узор, сплетение тканей

46.To be in one’s cups быть навеселе

47. Вeasties n pl ['biːstiz] зверушки

VOCABULARY EXERCISES

13. Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык. Поставьте вопросы к подчеркнутым словам. (I) 1. Viruses demonstrate considerable host specificity. 2. The types of microorganisms present will depend on the way the products have been developed, transported or prepared before eating or drinking. 3. A virus is a small infectious agent that can replicate only inside the living cells of an organism.4. Viruses in animals can be carried by blood-sucking insects. 5. A prion is an infectious agent that is composed primarily of protein in a misfolded form. 6. Bacteria constitute a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms. 7. There is a significant range of fungi, that includes yeasts and moulds. 8. Four species of microsporidia have been found in a wide range of animals as well as in humans. 9. Protozoan pathogens originating from animal and human waste have been recorded from water sources throughout the world . 10.Helminthes are worm-like organisms living in and feeding on living hosts. (II) 1. Fifty-nine cases had been identified involving children between the ages of three months and 11 years, with the majority younger than three years old. 2. The EV-71 has been known to generally cause severe complications among some patients. 3. It is said a number of other pathogens were found including dengue and streptococcus, which is a pig pathogen that can be transmitted to humans. 4. They had high fevers and signs of encephalitic or respiratory symptoms, or both. 5. Hand, foot and mouth disease usually affects infants and children and is spread through direct contact with the mucus, saliva, or faeces of an infected person.

(III) 1. Anton van Leeuwenhoek was not the first to discover the microscope. 2. He used magnifying lens to view the quality of the weave of the merchandise he purchased. 3. Anton van Leeuwenhoek chanced to look at a sample of pond water or other source rich in microbes. 4. He astonished everyone by claiming that many of the tiny things he saw with his lens were alive. 5. His discovery was the equivalent of our finding life on Mars today.

14. Заполните таблицу однокоренных слов, используя словарь. Переведите их.

Verb	Noun	Adjective or Participle
(1) to demonstrate
(2)	specification
(3)		adaptable
(4)	record
(5) to transmit

15. Заполните пропуски в предложениях, используя слова из таблицы (Exercise 2).

1. Viral and bacterial diseases are … to the air by droplets.

2. The severity of the disease depends on the … of the pathogen agent.

3. All cases of viral diseases of animals should … in a special registration document.

4. Viruses and bacteria are able … to the body of an animal.

5. The reduction of morbidity … the effectiveness of treatment.