Comprehension Check-Up

1. 5. Read the text once more and translate it with the help of a dictionary.

1. 6. In list B find synonyms to the words from list A:

A. yield, to require, sufficient, cropping, use, at present, type, plant nutrients, to start, forest, poor yield

B. to begin, wood, plant food, low yield, enough, growing, harvest, variety, now, application, to need

1. 7. Find in the text the nouns with the same roots as the following verbs:

To act, to mean, to cultivate, to breed, to increase, to produce, to fertilize

1. 8. Fill in the blanks with the necessary words (see text B). Choose from the following: proper, manures, weeds, impossible, consideration, management, diseases, nutrients

1. You should take into … the annual rainfall and the soil type.

2. Crop rotation helps to keep the soil in … condition and to control … and … .

3. It is … to obtain high yields if the soil is in poor condition.

4. … and fertilizers should be added to the soil.

5. The supply of plant … varies with the type of soil.

6. The proper … of the soil is very important for keeping it in healthy condition.

1. 9. In the right column find a word that doesn't correspond to the word from the left column:

1. Plant nutrients	1. Available, proper, climatic, needed, valuable
2. Soil	2. Poor, sandy, fertile, annual, loamy
3. Yield	3. High, annual, loamy, low, poor
4. Climatic conditions	4.Improper, various, optimum, agricultural, proper

1. 10. Below are the answers. Ask questions about them:

1. Successful farming means the best use of natural conditions.

2. Moisture conditions, available plant nutrients and the structure of the soil are the main factors of soil fertility.

3. Manures and fertilizers are added to the soil to meet some plant food needs.

4. Cotton requires higher temperatures than wheat.

5. The control of weeds, pests and diseases is necessary to keep the soil in proper condition.

1. 11. Retell the text a. Use the key-words:

human activity, to use, to produce, "ager", to mean, field, crop, to breed animals, branch, soil, basis, high yield, arable land, intensification, knowledge, high-yielding, varieties and hybrids, mechanization, fertilizer, herbicide, to disturb.

Step 2 grammar Point

(speaking-writing)

1. Use the following suffixes: - ment, - tion, - ure, - ist, - or, - er, - ity – to form nouns from the next words:

consider, fertile, moist, germinate, require, produce, active, cultivate, intensify, collect, fertilize, farm, manage, rotate.

2.2. Write down the plural of the nouns if they have it:

variety, type, farming, clay, condition, fertility, moisture, consideration, nutrient, temperature, herbicide, branch, basis, way, food, increase, area, climate, equilibrium, yield, germination.

2.3. Choose from the following: a, that/those, many/much, few/little- to use with the nouns:

people, crop, hybrids, land, field, agriculture, equilibria, condition, livestock, machinery, seeds, rainfall, growth, cereals, cotton, cultivation, rotation, pests, work, structure, data, management.

4. Combine nouns from both lists to form attributive word-combinations and translate them:

Model: plant requirements – потреби рослин

A: plant, soil, weed, crop, moisture, production, nature, grain, field, climate, agriculture;

B: nutrients, structure, control, fertility, rotation, yield, food, requirements, conditions, crops.

4. Translate into English; use possessive case:

фермерські землі, робота людей, експеримент вченого, експорт з Британії, вчорашні збори, трьохгодинна подорож, тижневі канікули, відстань в дві милі, двогодинна зустріч, найбільша в світі галузь.

2.6. Choose the proper article (a/an, the,0) that best completes

the sentence:

1. People grow … lot of crops. 2….best yield was obtained from the fertilized field. 3. Germination of seed requires …proper moisture conditions. 4. Wheat was probably … first cereal used for food. 5. Soil requirements are not always …same.

2.7. Complete the sentences with indefinite or negative

pronouns:

1. There is … in the field. It’s empty. 2. Is there … in the field? – No, it’s empty. 3 We have grown … which you will like very much. 4. Is there … here who can speak Spanish? 5. You must do … to improve soil fertility.

2.8. Use necessary comparative constructions:

1. … better conditions for germination of seed you can provide … better yield you will get. 2. Organic fertilizers are … useful than chemical fertilizers. 3. This year the yield was …good as it was two years ago. 4. The area of arable land in this farm is as large …in that. 5. Is wheat more important … oats?