Step 1 Overview of Aquaculture

(Speaking-reading-speaking-writing)

1.1. Read correctly and memorize the pronunciation of the following words:

Aquaculture, cultivation, aquatic, collegiate, marine, harvesting, environment, purpose, commercially, capture, although, sustainable.

1.2. Read and guess the meaning of the following words:

Aquaculture, aqua, culture, cultivation, marine, ecosystem, seafood, commercially, prehistoric, recreation, experts, fishery.

1.3. Read and translate the following verbs, make them nouns, do transformations with some of them with the help of suffixes: -ion, -er,-able.

Model: to cultivate – cultivation

To produce, to provide, to derive, to produce, to populate, to harvest, to involve, to sell, to capture, to recognize, to recreate, to expand, to destruct, to sustain, to feed, to fish.

1.4.Words for the text comprehension:

Aqua farming	вирощування риби, розведення риби
Shelfish	молюск
Cultivation aspect	вирощування риби, розведення риби
Capture aspect	здобич, улов, відлов
Purpose	мета, ціль
Commercial fishing	промислове рибальство
Recreation fishing	ловити рибу на відпочинку
Fish stock	косяк, зграя риби
Habitat	навколишнє середовище, місце життя
to destruct	руйнувати, знищувати
to sustain	підтримувати, захищати, визнавати
to shrink	зменшувати, стискати, скорочувати

1.5. Read and translate text a, find answers to the following questions:

1. What is the definition of aquaculture?

2. What are the aspects of aquaculture?

3. What is aquaculture?

Text a. Overview of Aquaculture

Aquaculture is the cultivation of aquatic organisms (fish or shellfish) or aqua farming. Aquaculture derives from two words: aqua (Latin) for water + Culture (English).

Webster’s Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary defines aquaculture as “cultivation of the natural produce of the water (as fish or shellfish)”.

Aquaculture is the agriculture of the oceans. To provide a more balanced view of the marine ecosystem and the seafood industry we should be focused on both aspects: the cultivation of seafood and the harvesting of seafood from the wild.

Cultivation aspect. Culture fisheries involve growing of selected organism or in some cases selected organisms in a controlled environment. The purpose is to be harvested and then to be sold commercially.

Capture aspect. Capture fisheries are the most widely known and recognized form of harvesting aquatic organisms and have been practiced since prehistoric times. Recreation fishing is a form of capture fishing, although for commercial purposes.

As the world population continues to expand, culture fisheries are becoming an ever more important source of food and resources. The natural stock of fish that swim in oceans can only supply a limited amount of food sustainable. Overfishing, pollution and habitat destruction have severely limited seafood populations world wide. Experts believe the current level of fishing may not be sustainable beyond the year 2040. Faced with an ever growing population and ever shrinking food source, culture fisheries may be one answer to feeding a hungry population. Aquaculture will truly be a responsible and sustainable industry.