Comprehension Check-Up

1.5. Insert the omitted words. Choose from the following:

Processes, chornozems, biological, fertility, fertilizers, method

For Ukrainian … mouldboard ploughing is an inappropriate … of soil tillage. It effectively disrupts … cycling of major nutrients, reduces the humification coefficients of organic … and results ultimately in extensive dehumification with loss of soil … . Essentially, the practice runs contrary to the natural … of soil formation.

1.6. Transform the sentences using the phrases:

according to:	Your technical training can be used as an entry to very many areas of activity, job locations and types of work-place.
therefore:	The process industry depends on their specialists, which is why they recruit technical people like you in the first place.
as well as:	In the process industry, science and technology are exploited to yield saleable products.
to look for:	Your career, if you seek employment as a technical professional, will be characterized by dealing with various problems.

1.7. Look through Text 1 and arrange the plan according to the text:

a) Soils of Ukraine.

b) Follow-up education.

c) The main user of soils.

d) Necessary knowledge.

e) Field of activity.

f) Faculty of ecology.

1.8. Choose relevant key-words and phrases for the proper items of the plan (see Task 7):

To meet every requirement, a degree, land resources, proper maintenance, valuable resource, scientific foundation, main branches, advanced courses, to depend on, basic subjects, the basis of agriculture, a post-graduate course, the demand for specialists, work-based courses, areas of activity.

1. 9. Write down an annotation to the text with the help of key-words (Task 8).

1.10. Speak about your speciality using the plan from Task 7 and the key-words from Task 8.

Step 2 grammar Point

(speaking-reading)

2.1. Identify modal verbs in every sentence. Analyze them:

1. For the first time in history the scientists can produce high-lysine corn.

2. Wheat may be harvested with the binder, the header, or the combine harvester.

3. You will have to learn a lot about the particular area of your job.

4. The ability of the no-till method to control erosion even on hilly lands also means it can open millions of acres to productive farming that previously had to be kept fallow or in pasture.

5. Factories needn't use so much water; they must learn to re-use it.

2.2. Combine the following verbs with modals; translate the word combinations:

To produce, to increase, to protect, to require, to establish, to direct

2.3. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian. Pay attention to the use and translation of modal verbs:

1. Selection of wrong insecticide could bring disaster.

2. Scientists are beginning to understand that botanical prospecting can open up large areas of the world now hidden in forests or tropical jungles

3. To use the automatic planting machines successfully one should grade the seed tubers carefully before planting.

4. The way of keeping the water in the rivers, lakes and seas clean must be found.

5. All forest roadbuilding should be carried out cautiously.