Вариант 3

Research Tourism and Cognitive Tourism

Some people think that research tourism is connected with conferences of scientists who meet to discuss developments in their field and enjoy spending time in a comfortable place in picturesque surroundings. Other people connect research tourism with expeditions to certain parts of the world to study nature: the living things or plants.

Research tourists want to find out what the rare species look like, where they live and how they behave. Other research tourists are interested in finding evidence of earth’s changes caused by water, wind, weather, plants, animals and gravity. They study how people change the face of the earth, the climate, the atmosphere and then use the data for weather forecasts, e.g. about warming of the atmosphere, changes in climate etc. Ethnographers tour countries and national areas to study the culture, art, crafts, traditions and customs of the ethnic groups living there. They try to attend national religious ceremonies, see their national clothes, try their national food and drinks.

Research tourism may be considered as a part of cognitive tourism.

When you tour a country or a definite area it is good to know about its history and the life of its population in different periods. For example oral traditions are an important part of the culture of original native people. Interest in the social life of the community in the toured area (country) brings them up-to-date with social problems and shows the ways how to solve them.

Find out about animals or plant species that are in danger of becoming extinct, about serious environmental problems. Think how the culture of the people is affected by their habitat. To observe all these things clearly you should look at the outdoors with different eyes. Find beauty in things that you normally would pass by.

1. What do people connect research tourism with?

2. What interests research tourists?

3. A part of what tourism is research tourism?

4. Why should research tourists know the history of the country they visit?

5. Why do you think it’s interesting to tour a country?

Вариант 4

Sanative Tourism and Recreation Tourism

Sanative tourism is usually understood as visiting resorts, spas, and undergoing medical treatment. But tourism offers also sport activities which serve for sanative purposes.

Recreation tourism is connected with recreation activities which are planned differently in the city and in the countryside.

There are free recreation activities and those that cost money. Recreations that need money - are visits to museums, art galleries, theatres. They can be planned for tourists on the discount policy. One may go in for some outdoor sports or games free of charge. For example, you can organize a roller skating or bicycle (competition or trip); look for parks, grass fields, gardens and watch the wildlife, look for fishing places.

The most popular recreation activity in the countryside is walking. Walking is a good exercise in personal fitness. For a long walking it is better to take a well-balanced snack. Don’t forget to put on the right brand walking shoes. The walking routes should include picturesque sights, monuments of culture and history. There must be a list of interesting places, nearby, picnic and toilet facilities. Collecting mushroom or berries is also a good. Provide yourself with care for sunburn, insect bites, heat exhaustions, heat stroke and blisters before a walking.

Besides walking there are some other kinds of recreation activities in the countryside. They are mountain or hill climbing, hiking, bathing, swimming on one's back by different swimming strokes, boating, water-skiing, visiting a national park or a game park.

1. How do you understand the term ‘sanative tourism’?

2. What is recreation tourism?

3. What can recreation activities be?

4. Why is walking the most popular recreation activity?

5. What do you think about recreation tourism?