4. International and domestic regulations on metrology

To implement the traceability on an international scale requires appropriate regulations that establish recommendations that would ensure traceability, and entered into the national rules and regulations in the field of metrology. These regulations are designed and developed as new needs of international organizations. International regulations on the content and scope of cover four components metrological practice:

• The terminology in the field of metrology;

• Unit values, their name, designation and definition;

• Requirements for the metrological characteristics of measuring instruments;

• The means of expressing uncertainties, measurements of sizes;

In the terminology of the most important document is the International vocabulary of basic and general terms in metrology (the second edition in 1993). The purpose of the dictionary - establish acceptable for the general term describing the concepts reflected by them. The dictionary contains six sections: Quantities and units, characteristics of measuring instruments; Standards. Besides the general vocabulary published Dictionary of Legal Metrology, which highlights the activities of the state metrological service in the world. Publishes this dictionary International Organization of Legal Metrology.

In the field of measurement units the main document is the International System of Units, adopted in 1960 by 9 of the General Conference on Weights and Measures. Since then, this system of units - this ground unification of unit to ensure traceability. With the development of science and technology increased requirements for the degree of accuracy of national standards. And that, ultimately, achieved the revision interpretation of the basic and derived SI units, the implementation of a higher level of accuracy. Attaching particular importance ordering of all materials to improve the International System of Units. International Bureau of Weights and published a collection of "International System of Units," which is regarded as the most important fundamental International instruments in metrology. In 1970 he published six editions of this document in French, and have translated, though not officially, in English.

For international documents containing requirements for metrological characteristics of measuring instruments are:

• The specifications of the standards;

• Regulations on the International Temperature Scale of 1990. (ITS-90);

• International IOLM Recommendation, the international standards of ISO and IEC on technical requirements for measuring instruments and methods of their verification.

It is known that the analysis of measurements carried out in all countries using the apparatus of the theory of probability and mathematical statistics, the errors are divided into random and systematic. However, estimates of the errors, the values ​​and the formation of the confidence intervals of probability used in practice in metrological laboratories in different countries, different.