- •Isbn 966-642-175-5
- •Передмова
- •Наприкінці книжки вміщено антиукраїнський словник.Unit one musculoskeletal system
- •Anatomic Terms
- •The human body
- •Clinical Terms
- •Osteomyelitis
- •Podiatry
- •Diskinaesthesis
- •Dysmelia
- •Ginseng tonic capsules
- •Mending bones with biological “glue”
- •Task 16. 1 — b (arthritis); 2 — c (osteoarthritis); 3 — d (arthro- pyosis); 4 — a (synarthrosis); 5 — e (diarthrosis); 6 — f (arthralgia).Unit two cardiovascular system
- •Anatomic Terms
- •The circulatory (cardiovascular) system
- •Types of cells in the blood
- •Investigators ... At the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Md., isolated actin and myosinlike proteins in human blood platelets. It is probably involved in coagulation.Spectrin (from sbd)
- •Task s. Choose the anatomic terms for the following:
- •Clinical Terms
- •Von Willebrand’s Disease (from sbd)
- •35Pharmaceutical Terms
- •Trinitrolong
- •Ramipril Against Hypertension: Pharmacodynamic Validation of Efficacy in Primary Lesions of the Heart and Kidneys
- •Digestive system
- •Anatomic Terms
- •Digestive system and digestion
- •Dietary Fiber
- •1. Nutritio, onis f. 2. Digestio, Onis f. 3. Lingualis, e,
- •Impaired eyesight погіршення зору
- •Indolent ulcer неболюча виразка
- •Artificial pancreas
- •More spare parts for the human body
- •Human insulin via dna
- •Laser irradiation of indolent duodenal ulcer: comparative efficacy of different regimens
- •Significance of X-ray and endoscopic investigations of the stomach in examination of post-resection and post-vagotomy patients
- •Gastric pathology as ulcer risk factor in patients on chronic hemodialysis of various duration
- •(A summary from Terapevtichesky Arkhiv)clinical prognostication of peptic ulcer complications by acute hemorrhage
- •The course of reparative process in patients with gastroduodenal ulcer (clinicostatistical study)
- •Pharmaceutical Terms
- •Theophylline pharmacokinetics
- •In chronic nonspecific intestinal diseases under different introduction to patients
- •Unit four respiratory system
- •Anatomic Terms
- •Clinical Terms
- •In the terminal state of smth. У завершальний період
- •Artificial ventilation of lungs during reanimation
- •Task 13. Choose the proper terms for the definitions:
- •Pharmaceutical Terms
- •Dpt adsorbed
- •Cromolyn Sodium
- •Beclomethasone
- •Task 24. Choose the proper term for the meaning:
- •Unit five nervous system
- •Anatomic Terms
- •Clinical Terms
- •If everything — even dressing in the morning — throws you, if every little setback makes you throw a wobbly then you don’t have style.
- •Imaging (from lronw)
- •.Mnemon
- •U. S. Study links schizophrenia to physical defects
- •Pharmaceutical Terms
- •Is administered by the intramuscular route вводиться внутрішньом’язово
- •Synacthen depot
- •Carbrital
- •Sulfazin (Sulphazin)
- •Task 31. Read the text and get ready to narrate it:
- •Unit six endocrine system
- •Anatomic Terms
- •Endocrine system and its physiology
- •Clinical Terms
- •The dangers of steroids
- •Hormones 'double risk of strokes’
- •Pharmaceutical Terms
- •Cortisone and acth1
- •1. The administration of cortisone has produced ... .
- •Unit seven urinary system
- •Anatomic Terms
- •Anatomy and functions of urinary system
- •Kidney stones: 2 new treatments
- •Lasertripsy
- •Kidneys
- •Treating kidney cancer
- •Pharmaceutical Terms
- •Overuse of Painkillers May Damage Kidneys Doctor Says
- •Unit eight reproductive system
- •Anatomic Terms
- •Male reproductive system
- •Clinical Terms
- •In the “simple” mastectomy, the breast is removed but the
- •Coming: better diagnosis, treatment for cancer
- •A revolution in making babies New Techniques Help Childless Couples — Even after Menopause
- •Vasoligate (from sbd)
- •Vacuum Aspiration {.From sbd)
- •Task 23. Read the dictionary article and get ready to explain the meaning of this term as well as its etymology:
- •Pharmaceutical Terms
- •Selection of anesthesia technique during abdominal delivery in patients with severe forms of late toxemia of pregnancy
- •Unit nine sensory system
- •Anatomic Terms
- •Hearing and the structure of the ear
- •Summary or describing the structure of the ear and its physiological aspects:
- •Physiology of olfaction and olfactory organ
- •Taste and flavour sensation
- •І дтверджувати ascertain [„aesa'tein] — встановлювати (суть тощо); переконуватись у чомусь contradictory [,kontr9'diktari] — несумісний; невідповідний
- •Touch and somatosensory perception
- •The wisdom of the gut
- •Clinical Terms
- •Surgical Oblitaration of Frontal Sinus in Treatment of the Patients with Chronic Relapsing Frontal Sinusitis
- •Vitrectomy (from tbd)
- •Vestibulectomy (from tbd)
- •Keyhole Surgery
- •Diagnosis of Peripheral Vitreochorioretinal Dystrophies with the Aid of a Pathogenic Test
- •Aminoderm
- •Dimetane Expectorant-c
- •Norfemac
- •Searching for a New and Improved Prozac
- •Anthraforte
- •Aquaphor
- •Intensive care by Echo Heron (aw extract)
- •Task 48. 1 — d; 2 — g; 3 — f; 4 — b; 5 — c; 6 — e; 7 - a; 8 — I; 9®- h; 10 - k; 11 - j.Abbreviations
- •Abbreviations
- •Identify [ ai'dentifai] V — встановлювати, визначати, ідентифікувати
- •Immediately [I'mi:dj9tli] adv 1) безпосередньо; 2) негайно
- •Indication [/mdi'keij,(9)n] n — симптом, ознака, прикмета, вказівка
- •Pancreas ['pasgkrras] n Cf.: pancreas, 5tis n — підшлункова залоза
The circulatory (cardiovascular) system
The cardiovascular system is the system of blood circulation. HenceTby the cardiovascular system is meant the heart, the arteries, the veins, and capillaries of the human body. Basically the heart is a^^i^w rmis^l'e which is divided into four chambers. The right heart consists of an upper chamber called an atrium (with the auricle) and a lower chamber called a ventricle. Between these two chambers is a one-way valve, called the tricuspid valve. The left heart has two similar chambers, but the valve that separates its chambers is called the mitral valve. Although the heart is a unit, anatomically and functionally, it can be thought of as two isolated pumps the “right heart” and the “left heart”. Normally the only route of communication between the^ two parts of the heart is the lung. The right heart recer^yplood from the veins and pumps it into the lung by way of the lesser circulatory system. In the lung the blood is supplied with oxygen. Then it moves into the left heart. From the left heart the well-oxygenated blood is pumped into a large artery called the aorta, which distributes it to the entire body by means of the greater circulatory system. The blood is returned to the heart by means of the veins. A continuous circulation is thus kept up /The walls of the capillaries are so thin that the dissolved- Nourishment, which comes from the digestive system, and th t' ^ '' oxygen, which comes from the lungs and is contained in the blood, canpass through themi^a'ih^tfssues of the body and sp/'n<cfcm$Tt%?~while the impunnes'from the tissues are taken up by the capillaries and are carried away in the blood. The capillaries form a close net-work all over the body, and, gradually joining together and getting larger, they become veins.
Ц
7A
ґіслуГ ,The blood is a red fluid, which coagulates when it escapes from a blood vessel. It consists of colourless fluid, called plasma or serum, and many millions of minute bodies, too small to be seen by the naked eye, which give the blood its colour and substance, the corpuscles.Types of cells in the blood
Erythrocytes (red blood cells). These cells are made in the bone marrow (soft tissue in the center of some bones in the body) and are important in that they transport oxygen (02) from the lungs through the bloodstream to the cells all over the body. The oxygen is then used up by body cells in the process of converting food to energy (catabolism). Hemoglobin, containing iron (globin « protein), is an important protein in erythrocytes which helps to carry the oxygen as it travels through the blood stream. Erythrocytes also carry away carbon dioxide (C02), a waste product of catabolism of food in cells from the body cells to the lungs where it is expelled in the process of breathing.
Leukocytes (white blood cells). There are several types of leukocytes:
Granulocytes (cells with granules in their cytoplasm) are formed in bone marrow. There are three types of granulo-cytes:
Eosinophil = eosinophile (granules stain red with acid stain) are thought to be active and elevated in allergic conditions such as asthma.
Basophil = basophile (granules stain blue with basic stain). The function of basophils in the body is unclear.
Neutrophil = neutrophile (granules stain blue and red (purple) with neutral stain) are called polymorphonuclear leukocytes (poly = many; morpho = shape or form) because the nucleus has many forms or shapes. The function of polymorphonuclears is defense of the body against bacteria by means of phagocytosis. These cells are called polys as an abbreviation.
Agranulocytes (cells without granules in cytoplasm) are produced by lymph nodes and spleen. There are two types of agranulocytes:
Lymphocytes (lymph cells) fight disease by producing antibodies and thus destroying foreign material. They may also attach directly to foreign material and destroy it.
Monocytes (cells with a very large nucleus) ingest (phagocytose) and destroy foreign material.
Platelets or thrombocytes, These tiny cells, formed in the bone marrow, are necessary for blood clotting.
These phrases will help you to narrate the texts: the text describes (concerns) smth. у тексті описується I’d like to start with a description of smth. я хотів би розпочати з опису... it is important to point out that... важливо вказати, що...
I can’t but mention that... не можу не зауважити, що... let me pass to the description of smth. дозвольте перейти до опису...
what I have found out is that... що мені вдалося з’ясувати, це те, що... , , і
the author makes it clear that... автор чітко стверджує, що...
in conclusion let me remind again that... на завершення дозвольте нагадати знову, що... for all I know we must agree (disagree) with the statement that... наскільки мені відомо, ми повинні погодитись (не погодитись) із твердженням, що... it is necessary to make further investigation (research) of... необхідно здійснити подальше дослідження...
Task 4. Do additional information pertaining to the theme under review and get ready to comment upon the content of each dictionary article separately:
Echocardiogram (from SBD)
Echocardiogram is the record of an echocardiograph.
The ultrasound technique involves bouncing sound waves of the heart. The sound waves are of such high frequency that they cannot be detected by human ears. Using equipment that costs $ 20,000, cardiologists can view the anatomical features of the heart in a form call an echocardiogram.
Thrombosthenin (from SBD)
Thrombosthenin is contractile protein found in human blood platelets.