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Dietary Fiber

Dietary fiber is roughage in vegetable and fruits, eaten to promote health.

Dietary fiber was the latest dietary component to be hailed as the one that does it all. Dietary fiber should not be confused with crude fiber; it includes structural polymers of cell walls, celluloses, hemicelluloses, pectin, lignin, and undigested polysaccharides, and may be three to seven times more plentiful in^a diet than the crude fiber included in food composition tables.

The researchers gave one group of rats a cholesterol free, chemically defined liquid diet, another group of rats the same diet with choles­terol and still a third group of rats a standard formula diet (in order to serve as a control to the other two groups). By design all three diets were fiber-free, since diet,a,ry fiber may protect.against co­lon cancer, and provided equivalent caloric intakes.

Task 6. Find the English equivalents for the Latin terms:

1. Nutritio, onis f. 2. Digestio, Onis f. 3. Lingualis, e,

  1. Mucosus, a, um. 5. Membranayae f: 6. Os, oris «. 7. Cavitas, atis f. 8. Tactus, us m. 9. Ascendens. 10. Transversus, a, um;

  1. Ductus, us m. 12. Acidus, a, um. 13. Intestinum, i n.

  1. Substantia, ae f. 15. GJandula, ae f. 16. Palatum, i n.

(a — mucous; b membrane; c — oral; d — nutrient; e —• lingual; digestion; g — tactile; h — cavity; i '4 palatefj ! gland; k te substance; ascending; m — transverse; • nte?' duct; o — intestine; p - acid)

Task 7. Choose the anatomic terms for the following:

1. The organ of chewing and tasting. 2. The movable mus­cular structure attached to the floor of the mouth; an impor­tant organ in the articulation of speech sounds, 3. The muscu­lar membranous cavity leading from the mouth and nasal pas­sages to the larynx and esophagus. 4. The roof of the mouth.

  1. The tube through which food passes from the pharynx to the stomach. 6. Any of numerous hairlike or fingerlike vascu­lar processes in the small intestine. 7. The first section of the small intestine between the stomach and the jejunum. 8. A large, elongated gland: some cells (beta cells) islets of Langer- hans in the gland produce the hormone insulin. 9. The largest glandular organ which secretes bile. 10. The organ for con­taining food and digestion of it.

(a — palate; b — duodenum; c stomach; d M pha­rynx; e — esophagus; f *§£■ mouth; g —tongue; h — liver; i — pancreas; j — villus (pi villi)

Clinical Terms

Task 8. Read and memorize these expressions and equivalents to the further suggested articles and summa­ries:

diabetes mellitus цукровий діабет

one of the main threats одна з основних загроз

diabetes is to blame for діабет звинувачують

leg amputation ампутація ноги

grim results невтішні наслідки (результати)

the loss of kidney functions припинення ниркової

діяльності

Impaired eyesight погіршення зору

to secrete the insuline hormone виробляти інсулін

laser irradiation лазерне випромінювання

duodenal ulcer виразка дванадцятипалої кишки

Indolent ulcer неболюча виразка

renal failure ниркова недостатність

curvature of the stomach кривина шлунка

Equivalents

Greek

Latin

English

Ukrainian

lip-

axungia, ae f

fat; lard

жир; смалець

steat-

sebum, і n

fat; lard

жир; смалець

prosop-

bucca, ae f

cheek

щока

sial-

saliva, ae f

saliva

слина

rrhag(ia)

pertundo, ère

to tear, to burst

рвати; про­бивати

-malac

mollis, e

soft

м’який

lith-

calcülus, і m

stone, calculus

камінь, кон­кремент

tom-

seco, are

to cut

різати

ectom-

excisio, onis f

excision

вирізання

T

rectum; direct

прямий

Up

губа

weight

вага .

within; inner

внутрішній

visual exami­

обстеження

nation

opening

отвір

disease; illness

хвороба

dissolution

розчинення

digestion

травлення

physician;

лікар

doctor

to measure

міряти

water

вода

bile-; gall

жовч

small intestine

тонка кишка

large intestine

товста кишка

pract-

rectus, a, um

cheil-

labium, ii n

bar-

pensio, önis f

endo-

in; internus,

a, um

scopo-

inspieio, ere

anastomos-

orificium, i n

path-

morbus, i m

•lysis

dissolutio,

önis f

peps(ia)

digest.io,

önis f

iatr-

medicus, i m

parameter-

mensuro, are

hydr-

aqua.ae f

chol-

bilis, is f

fel, fellis n

enter-

intestinum

tenue

colon

intestinum

crassum

ask 9. Do th? newspaper articles and some summa­ries with the aim to discuss them in teems of word-build- ing and specific meaning of word-elements:

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