Homophones

The spelling of some words are so similar that people fail to distinguish between them. Other words are pronounced exactly the same, but they are spelled differently and have different meaning. Words of this category are called homophones. They are often misused by non-native speakers.

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• angel (n) - ['eındʒ(e)l] –ангел

People call him an angel because he has angelic patience.

• angle (n) - [ængl]- угол

You have near miss. Aircraft’s converging angle is... (угол схождения)

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• brake - [breık] – (n) тормоз;

Brakes are released.

- (v) тормозить;

• break - [breık] -(n) отверстие, трещина ;

-(v) ломаться, разбиваться;

To break clouds- пробивать облачность

To break rules- нарушать правила

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• cease (v)- [sı:s] -переставать, прекращать(ся)

An output pressure fluctuation should cease when a demand is placed on the driven system.

• seize (v)- [sı:z] -хватать, схватить, захватить,

- тех. заедать (о подшипниках)

The police seized a large quantity of drugs at the airport.

seize up-заклинивать (о двигателе)

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• cite (v)- [saıt] -ссылаться, цитировать

In his report, he had to cite many references.

• site (n)- [saıt] - местоположение, местонахождение

This will be the site of the new airport.

• sight (n)- [saıt]- зрение, поле зрения

The traffic is in sight.

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• decent (a) - ['dı:snt]- приличный, подходящий, скромный, порядочный

When someone appears at the official meeting he must wear decent clothing.

• descent (n) - [dı'sent] -спуск, снижение;

Request descent to FL 270.

- происхождение;

Vladimir is of Russian descent.

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• draft (n) - [dra:ft]-чертеж, план, проект, набросок, тех. Тяга

- a draft treaty

- a draft of a new house

• draught (n) - [dra:ft]-тяга воздуха, сквозняк

- down / up draughts-нисходящие / восходящие потоки воздуха

- draught beer

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• example (n) - [ıg'za:mpl]-пример, образец

- for example (e.g.)

-to set a good (bad) example

• sample (n) - [sa:mpl] -образец, образчик, модель

The dual purpose reservoir relief and sampling valve provides automatic relief of excessive reservoir pressure at 95 psi.

-sampling -проверка (например, багажа)

-bulk sampling- выборочная проверка

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• expensive (a) - [ıks'pensıv]-дорогой, дорогостоящий

The goods are very expensive.

• expansive (a) - [ıks'pænsıv]-1) обширный;

2) экспансивный, откровенный, открытый (о характере)

His business is too expansive.

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• fair (a) -[fεə] - 1) честный, справедливый;

2) посредственный, средний;

3) белокурый;

Braking action is fair.

• fare (n) -[fεə] -стоимость проезда;

What’s the bus fare?

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• forward (a) - ['fo:wəd]-передний, передовой, прогрессивный

- forward compartment

• foreword (n) - ['fo:wəd] –предисловие

The foreword had been written.

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• loose (a) - [lu:s] - свободный, ненатянутый

Parts of the machine were loose.

Loose parachutes.-Сбросьте парашюты.

• lose (v) - [lu:z]- терять, лишаться, утрачивать

Lose time to arrive at 50.

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• leave (v)-[lı:v]- 1) покидать, оставлять

2) уезжать

to leave Paris for London

• live (v)-[lıv]- жить

How can anyone live on that salary?

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• past - [pa:st] - (a) прошлое, прошедшее;

- (adv) мимо

They ran past.

• passed (v)- [pa:st] - past tense of pass

- двигаться вперед, проходить,проезжать

The opposite traffic passed by us.

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• reach (v) - [rı:ʧ]- 1) достигать, доходить, доезжать

2) доставать, дотягиваться

3) простираться

Reach FL ...

• rich (a) - [rıʧ]- богатый, плодородный

- a rich suggestion — ценное предложение

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• straight (a) - [streıt] -прямой, правильный, ровный, прямо, по прямой линии

Taxi straight ahead.

• strait (n) - [streıt] -затруднительное положение, нужда;

- пролив

He is in great straits

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• weather (n) - ['wəðə]-погода

The weather turned out to be fine.

-inclement weather- холодная (суровая) погода

• whether (conj) - ['wəðə] – ли

When the fuel level shutoff switch is moved to TEST all fill valve open lights should go off regardless of whether the tank fill valve switches are in OPEN or AUTO

 Recommendations for pilots:

1. Ask for verification of any ATC instruction about which there is a doubt. Don’t read back a “best guess” at a clearance, expecting ATC to catch any mistakes. Sometimes controller can miss erroneous pilot readbacks.

2. Ask for clarification or repeat of any unclear transmission. Don’t hesitate to ask again. Try to give a precise readback.

3. Don’t expect to “hear what you want to hear”. The actual clearance may be different from what you expect because the air traffic situation may change.

4. Controller silence is not confirmation of a readback’s correctness, especially during peak traffic periods. Require verbal confirmation from a controller. Clear understanding between a controller and a pilot is absolutely essential for a smooth and safe flight.