- •The main specific categories of the english sentence. The Structural Classification of Sentence.
- •Translation of the Syntactical Complexes.
- •Syntactic Complexes with Gerund.
- •Complex parts of the sentence with gerund.
- •Infinitive
- •Types of the Complex Object.
- •The Prepositional Infinitive Phrase
- •Infinitive in the function of the attribute.
The Prepositional Infinitive Phrase
The Prepositional Infinitive Phrase is syntactic construction that includes in itself a noun in the common case, an indefinite pronoun or a personal pronoun in the objective case, and a predicative exposed by an infinitive. The whole phrase is tied by a preposition (usually for, but sometimes the choice is determined by the verb the phrase depends on).
It is necessary for him to go there tomorrow. Необходимо, чтобы он поехал туда завтра.
Here is the article for you to translate into French. Вот статья, которую вам надо перевести на французский язык.
Infinitive in the function of the attribute.
Infinitive in Attribute function (after determinate noun) can be translated on Russian in different ways.
1. By Infinitive:
There is no chance to get tickets for this concert. Нет возможности достать билеты на этот концерт.
2. By personal form of the verb, if it is an Attribute Subordinate Clause with an action-expressing Predicate, and action will happen or must happen in future.
The students to take part in this expedition have come. (The students who will take part/who must take part). Студенты, которые должны принять (будут принимать) участие в этой экспедиции, уже пришли.
The article to be discussed today is written by our professor. (The article which will be/must be/is to be discussed). Статья, которая будет (должна быть) обсуждена завтра, написана нашим профессором.
He showed us the article to be translated into Russian. (which was to be translated into Russian). Он показал нам статью, которую надо перевести на русский.
Attribute infinitive (mainly Passive Infinitive: to be observed, to be found, to be seen, to be heard, etc or Passive Infinitive which is followed by a preposition) may also express possibility but not necessity.
This is the book to be found (which can be found) in any shop now. Это – книга, которую можно найти в любом магазине.
The only sound to be heard (which could be heard) in, the room was the ticking on the clock. Единственный звук, который можно было услышать в комнате, было тиканье часов.
Petrov is the man to be relied upon (who can be relied upon). Петров это человек, на которого можно положиться.
Here is the article to be referred to (which can be referred to). Вот статья, на которую необходимо сослаться.
Attribute Infinitive (Active) with or without preposition may express purpose.
I have a good movie to see during vacations. У меня есть неплохой фильм для просмотра на каникулах (который можно посмотреть на каникулах).
They have a good school to admit in. У них неплохая школа для поступления (в которую можно поступить).
3. By a personal form of verb used in the same time as the link verb to be in English, if the Infinitive in Attribute Function is placed after words: the first, the second, the last, etc.:
He will be the first to act in this play. Он будет первым играть в этой пьесе.
He is always the first to act in this play. Он всегда первым играет в этой пьесе.
He was the first to act in this play. Он был первым, кто играл в этой пьесе.
Don’t be late. Our play will be the first to be played. Не опаздывай. Наша пьеса будет сыграна первой.
But:
He was the first man to pass it. Он был первым человеком, который прошел это.
