Fill in the table.
Language |
FORTRAN |
COBOL |
ALGOL |
PASCAL |
LISP |
LOGO |
Date |
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Use |
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Features |
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Other points |
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Complete the sentences choosing proper endings:
1. FORTRAN is a high-level language, which is used for…
a) supporting UNIX operating system;
b) commercial purposes;
c) solving scientific and mathematical problems;
2. ALGOL is a high-level language, which is intended to…
a) be used for commercial purposes;
b) solve mathematical and scientific problems;
c) be used by students who require a simple language to begin programming.
3. COBOL is a high-level language, which is designed …
to solve mathematical and scientific problems;
to be used for commercial purposes;
to support the UNIX operating system;
5. C is a high-level language, which is developed…
to support the UNIX operating system;
to deal with mathematical problems;
for commercial purposes.
Discussion
Complete the table by asking for information like this:
– What does “FORTRAN” mean?
– “FORTRAN” stands for…
– When was it developed?
– In….
– What's it used for? -It's used for ...
– What features has it got? —It's a combination of algebraic formulae and English phrases. It's difficult to learn.
Answer your partner's questions too.
Notes for student a:
Language |
Date of development |
Characteristics |
Use/function |
• FORT-RAN (FOR-mula RAN-slation) |
• 1954-56 |
• Has combination of algebraic formulae and English phrases. • Difficult to learn. |
• Problem-oriented language for scientific and mathematical use. |
• COBOL |
• 1958-59 |
• • • |
• Mainly used for business applications. |
• PASCAL (Named after |
• |
• Structured language with algorithmic features designed for fast execution of the object program. • A fast compiler called TurboPascal was created in 1982. Von" popular. |
• • |
• LOGO |
• 1969 |
• Easy to learn. • Flexible: it can do maths, make lists, construct graphics. • Its drawing capabilities allow children to construct simple graphics programs. |
• |
• • LISt Processing |
• 1959 |
• • |
• Developed to work on natural languages and Artificial Intelligence (АГ). • Suitable for manipulating and analyzing text. |
• PROLOG • • Implemen-ted by … |
• |
• Has its roots in mathematical logic. • Programmers do not specify 'how' something is done, but 'what' is to be done, describing situations and problems. |
• • |
Notes for student B:
Language |
Date of development |
Characteristics |
Use/Function |
• FORTRAN FORmula TRANslation; |
• 1954-56 |
• Has combination of algebraic formulae and English phrases. • Difficult to learn. |
• Problem-oriented language for scientific and mathematical use. |
• Common Business (Oriented Language ) |
• |
• Easy to read. • Able to handle very large data files. • Written in English. |
• |
• (Named after the famous scientist Blaise Pascal.) |
• 1970-73 |
• ...................................................... • |
• General-purpose. • Often used in colleges and universities to teach programming. |
• LOGO |
• |
• • • |
• Designed for use in schools to encourage children to experiment with programming. |
• LISP • |
• |
• Designed for processing lists and symbols (non-numeric data;. • Numerous commercially available LISP implementations. |
• • |
• PROgram-ming in LOGic • Implemen-ted by David Warren in the mid 1970s. |
Early 1970s |
• |
• for AI research. • In Japan, was central to the development of fifth-generation computers. |