- •Оглавление
- •Введение
- •Часть 3 – текст «Стратегии туристического бизнеса» .
- •Introduction
- •1. Read the text and underline the words and phrases which could be the topics we will speak
- •Lesson 1 Origins of Travels
- •Text 1 Origins of Travel
- •9. Read the following sentences. Underline the verbs in the Passive Voice and translate the sentences into the Russian language.
- •Definitions of Tourism and Tourist
- •3. Define the international tourism and domestic or internal tourism:
- •The origins of Mass Tourism in Britain
- •1. The text you are about to read describes the early history of tourism in Britain. Which of the following words you may expect to meet in the text? Translate the words into Russian.
- •2. Look through (skim) the text and find two people whose names are still well known in the travel industry. Underline them. Do you know where their names can be seen today?
- •4. Choose a heading for each paragraph of the text by putting a paragraph number next to the appropriate heading.
- •5. Read the text more attentively and answer the following questions:
- •7. Underline key sentences in each paragraph and write out key words. Translate them into Russian and learn. Circle terms connected with tourism and try to explain them in English.
- •8. Retell the text using the following plan and phrases:
- •The Origins of Tourism in Russia
- •Unit 2 Professions in Tourism
- •Interviews with people in Tourist Business
- •1. Read the following titles of the jobs in tourism. Translate them.
- •Write sentences about the work these people do.
- •Read the following dialogues and decide what jobs the people speaking have.
- •Dialogue 1
- •Dialogue 2
- •Dialogue 3
- •Fill in the information in the business cards about the people who answered the questions in the dialogues.
- •Work in pairs: read the dialogues and then learn them by heart.
- •Tour Operators and Travel Agents
- •1. Work in pairs. Student 1 – read Text a, Student 2 – read Text b. Underline the following information:
- •Text a Tour Operators
- •Text b Travel Agents
- •2. Compare the work of tour operator and tour agent. Use the following questions as a plan. Translate given phrases and classify them to the categories: operator (o )/agent (a):
- •Making career in tourism
- •1. Work in 3groups: each group read the text and present the job described in the text. (You may also use the words from Ex. 7, p. 14). (1) Tour Escort
- •(2) Cruise Director
- •(3) Travel Writer
- •2. Write a description of the job you would like to do in tourism and explain why you think you are good for this job (about 120 words).
- •Best in the Business
- •The Winner
- •2. Choose the right conclusion for each agency:
- •1. Carolyn lodge travel (Surrey)
- •2. Blair travel & leisure (London)
- •3. Travel by Design (Surrey)
- •4. Journeys a la carte (Staffordshire)
- •5. Howard travel (Wiltshire)
- •6. Real Holidays travel (London)
- •7. How many points would you give to the following agency:
- •3. Now compare your scores and the conclusions you have chosen with those made by the journalists
- •4. Underline all the words and phrases describing good and bad features of a tourist agent, then make a profile of a good/bad agent.
- •3. How do you imagine the future of tourism?
- •Vocabulary
- •Keys to the Exercises
- •Рекомендуемая литература Основная
- •Дополнительная
- •Читаем по-английски
- •(Базовый уровень)
- •Раздел 1 Общие сведения о туризме
The Origins of Tourism in Russia
Using the following information below prepare short reports on the history, peculiar features, tendencies of development of tourism in Russia, the role of Soviet period for the development of tourism in this country.
12 century
1466 – 1472
1582 – 1584
The end of the 17-th - the beginning of the 18-th centuries
1847
2-nd half of the 19-th century
1881
The beginning of the 20-th c. 1905 – 1908
1908 –1913
1918 – 1920
1920 –1956 1960 –1988
1989 – 1998
Modern tendencies |
Father-Superior Daniel went on a pilgrimage to Jerusalem and Constantinople (now it is Istanbul). It is considered to be the first pilgrimage of a Russian to the Holy Land. Afanasy Nikitin travelled to India. A ‘voyage across three seas’. Ivan IV sent Trifon Korobeinikov with a group of clergymen to Tsargrad (now Istanbul), Jerusalem, Egypt to pray for killed Prince Ivan.
Reforms of Peter the Great: travels for knowledge and Enlightenment. Countries: Germany, France, Holland, England. During the reign of Catherine II any nobleman could travel any time he/she wanted without any limits.
Nicholas I established Russian Orthodox Mission in Jerusalem. 500 pilgrims visited the Holy Land during 30 years of Nicholas I reign. Limits to travels were introduced, both class and bureaucratic.
Alexandre II introduced tourism for leisure and recreation : travels to French, German, Swiss spas; to Italy and Spain. Not only nobility and gentry but also middle class (teachers, doctors, writers, painters, etc) could afford to travel. Nikolai Leskov introduced the word Tourist instead of ‘traveller’. A lot of books were written about travels to West Europe.
Alexandre III signed the order to establish the Russian Palestinian Orthodox Society in Jerusalem with the aim to organize travels to Holy Land. The Society bought land, built Orthodox churches and cathedrals where services were in Russian. By 1914 35 000-40 000 peasants and factory workers visited Holy Land a year. European tendencies of the development of international tourism are characteristic for Russia.
Political stability. Economical development. Private tourist firms appeared. Sport societies helped to organize participation of Russian sportsmen in international events. Social tourism appeared: Zemstvo (district council) organized trips for teachers, doctors, etc. with the aim to learn more about countries, people, traditions, sights and culture of other countries, especially of Germany, France, Switzerland, Italy, England and Scandinavian countries. “The Society for the Dissemination of Technical Knowledge” was one of the largest tourist firms in Russia. 7 217 people visited other countries. Inner tourism was at a low level of development: bad roads, poor food, and dirty inns. Tourism was encouraged to spread communist ideas in the world. “ The Iron Curtain” during Stalin’s times. State tourism in the USSR. Distribution of tourist vouchers to a limited number of people. The lack of goods in Russia and high prices for trips could explain behaviour of Russian tourists abroad. “Shopping tourism” to China, Turkey, Arab Emirates. “New Russians” travel for recreation and entertainment. Club tourism: for recreation only (high standard of service, animation, entertainment). Informative tourism: guided tours, sightseeing, cultural and educational programmes. Shopping tourism: ‘shuttle business’. Business trips. Problems: ecological, economical, psychological (stress). |