IV. Употребите соответствующие модальные глаголы или их эквиваленты и переведите предложения.

1. I … leave now. I am late for the meeting.

2. You … park your car here at the weekends, but not during the week.

3. … I help you?

4. I think we … invest more heavily in marketing.

5. Friday is not a good day for the meeting. I … be out of the office on that day.

V. Прочитайте и переведите письменно следующий текст.

Planned Economy

A planned economy is sometimes called a command economy, centrally planned economy, or command and control economy. It is an economic system in which the state or government controls the factors of production and makes all decisions about their use and about the distribution of income. In such an economy, the planners decide what should be produced and direct enterprises to produce those goods. Planned economies are in contrast to unplanned economies (a market economy). In a market economy production, distribution, and pricing decisions are made by the private owners of the factors of production. Everything is based upon owner’s interests rather than upon furthering some overarching macroeconomic plan.

Traditional Economy

A traditional economy is an economic system in which resources are allocated by inheritance. It has a strong social network and is based on primitive methods and tools. It is strongly connected to subsistence farming. In the majority of countries traditional economy has been replaced by command economy, market economy, or mixed economy. However, it is found today mainly in underdeveloped, agricultural parts of South America, Asia, and Africa.

Traditional economy fosters the sense of community. It causes little friction among members and provides a sense of security and psychological comfort. There is a relatively low unemployment rate and low crime rate. A traditional economy allows for a greater degree of autonomy as no or little money is given to the government and there is no competition.

A traditional economy does not allow for much economic growth and development as changes are very slow and there is a lack of social mobility. A traditional economy does not take advantage of technology. There is relatively little promotion of intellectual and scientific development. With no incentives for entrepreneurs, the consumer choice is diminished. It leads to a lower standard of living and is not recommended among larger countries.

VI. Выпишите из текста английские эквиваленты следующих слов и выражений и выучите их:

плановая экономика, экономическая система, факторы производства, распределение дохода, рыночная экономика, традиционная экономика, смешанная экономика, уровень безработицы, экономический рост.

VII. Письменно ответьте на вопросы по тексту.

1. What is the difference between a planned and a market economy?

2. What is a traditional economy?

3. What are disadvantages of a traditional economy?

VIII. Выпишите из текста 3 прилагательных в положительной степени сравнения и 3 прилагательных в сравнительной сравнения со словами, к которым они относятся. Словосочетания переведите.