The Russian Ballet

Not very long ago when people mentioned ballet, they thought of Russian ballet. In fact ballet came to Russia relatively late. It brought traditions from many other countries, mainly from France and Italy. Actually Tsar Nicholas I was ready to spend great sums of money on the dance companies, so ballet got recognition in the capital at St. Petersburg and in Moscow. The Russian ballet dates back to 1847. It was the year when Marius Petipa, a young French dancer, arrived in St. Petersburg. He found there a well-trained company, which consisted mainly of the employees of the Imperial household. They were not spoilt by the attention and glamour, because they were the Tsar's servants. The Tsar wanted to see choreographies that had been seen in the times of the Sun King. That is there was combination of romantic stories with a luxury and pomp. Under leadership of Petipa the Russian ballet became extremely popular in the world. Within thirty years Petipa created over forty full-length ballets, arranged dances for thirty-five operas and recast seventeen ballet productions by other European masters. Petipa's version of Giselle we still can see today. In the Russian ballet of the nineteenth century everything was in harmony: the music, which was written mainly by Ludwig Minkus, the staging, the scenery, the costumes and choreography. At the beginning of the twentieth century ballet was still important in the cultural life of Russia, but gradually the romantic haze was cleared away. The world changed and it was taken a different view. The problems of love, hate, good, evil, were expressed in more complex ways.

Read and translate the given text. Put 10 questions to the text.

Спеціальність: Образотворче мистецтво.

British Museums

There are many museums in London. One of them is the Tate Gallery in Millmank, which presents modern masters of England and France. There are some fine examples of modern sculpture. Its collection of French Impressionists is marvellous. There is the Victoria and AlbertMuseum in Brompton Road. It has an outstanding collection of the applied arts of all countries and periods. The National Gallery in Trafalgar Square has one of the best picture collection in the world. It has the most valuable display of French paintings from the early of the Impressionists, and, of course, the finest English painting, with Gainsborough, Turner, Constable and others. It shows the progress of Italian painting from the medieval to the Renaissance, some outstanding pictures of the old Roman masters. It also has a great variety of Dutch and Flemish masters and an excellent choice of Spanish painters. There are great treasures dispersed in private collections all over the world. The Queen's collection is the most valuable among them.

Vocabulary: sculpture - скульптура outstanding - выдающийся display - выставка medieval - средневековый 

Questions: 1. Are there many museums in London? 2.  Name British Museums you know? 3.  What is the National Gallery famous for? 4.  The Queen's collection is the most valuable, isn't it? 5.  Tell about the Victoria and Albert Museum?

Граматичний матеріал: Повторення часів Perfect.

Present Perfect.

Група доконаних часів (Perfect Tenses) виражає дію, які закінчується до якогось моменту в теперішньому часі, минулому, майбутньому або майбутньому по відношенню до минулого. Доконані часи звичайно виражають наявність якогось результату дії, пов’язаної з наступними подіями. Вона утворюється за допомогою допоміжного дієслова have у відповідному часі Indefinite + III форма основного дієслова.

Present Perfect

Present Perfect виражає дію, яка:

1) Завершується до моменту мовлення. При цьому час виконання дії не вказується, тут важливий факт: "Have you seen Hamlet"?

2) Якщо дія завершилася, а відрізок часу його виконання ще не закінчився, при цьому вживаються вирази (обставини часу) today, this week, this month, this year, this summer, etc. I have seen my friend this week.

3) Якщо в реченні є прислівник неозначеного часу: never, ever, just, already, since, not…yet, etc. He has just come. I have not seen him yet.

Утворення Present Perfect:

have - всі особи однини і множини (I, you, we, they)

+ ІІІ форма основного дієслова

has - 3 особа однини (he, she, it)

+ ІІІ форма основного дієслова

Вправи до виконання.

Ex. 1. Use the Present Perfect in the following sentences.

1. A: (you, ever, eat) … pepperoni pizza? B: Yes, I … I (eat) … pepperoni pizza many times.

2. A: (you, ever, talk) … to a famous person? B: Yes, I …

I (talk) … to a lot of famous people. OR: No, I … I (never, talk) … to a famous person.

3. A: (Helen, ever, rent) … a car? B: Yes, she … She (rent) …a car many times. OR: No, she … She (never, rent) … a car.

4. A: (see, you,ever) … a shooting star? B: Yes, I … I (see) … a lot of shooting stars. OR:

No, I … I (never, see) … a shooting star.

5. A: (catch, Jim, ever) … a big fish? B: Yes, he … He (ever, catch) … lots of big fish. OR: No, he (never,catch) …

6. A: (you, ever, have) … a bad sunburn? B: Yes, I … I (have)

a bad sunburn several times. OR: No, I … I (never, have) … a bad sunburn.

Ex. 2. Complete the sentences with the Present Perfect of the following verbs and the words in brackets. Use each verb only one time: eat, look, save, use, give, play, sleep, wear, improve, rise, speak, win.

1. People … sheep’s wool to make clothing for centuries.

2. The night is over. It’s daytime now. The sun …

3. I (never) … golf, but I’d like to. It looks like fun.

4. Our team is great. They … all of their games so far this year. They haven’t lost a single game.

5. Lily must be angry with me. She (not) …one word to me all evening. I wonder what I did to make her angry.

6. The cat must be sick. He (not) … any food for two days. We’d better call the vet.

7. Our teacher … us a lot of tests and quizzes since the beginning of the term.

8. We put a little money in our savings account every month. We want to buy a car, but we (not) … enough money yet. We’ll have enough in a few more months.

9. (you, ever) … outdoors for the entire night? I mean without a tent, with nothing between you and stars.

10. My aunt puts on a wig whenever she goes out, but I (never) … a wig in my life.

11. Paul’s health … a lot since he started eating the right kinds of food, exercising regularly, and handling the stress in his life. He’s never felt better.

12. I can’t find my keys. I … everywhere — in all my pockets, in my briefcase, in my desk. They’re gone.

Практичне заняття № 2

ТЕМА: У готелі. Резервація готелю (реєстрація і виписка з готелю).

Граматичний матеріал: Повторення часів Perfect.

Past Perfect.

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