5.1.4 Find the proper Russian words with the same roots as the following English words
effective; result; economical; physical; mechanical; structural; serious; compactness; finish; decorate; sort; general; corrosion; plastics; organic; cellulose; protein; combine; gypsum; cement; plaster; group
5.1.5 Choose the proper English word
1.свойство a)support b)property c)range
2.составная часть a)derivative b)constituent c)resistance
3.изоляция a)insulation b)compactness c)feature
4.требование a)result b)means c)requirement
5.искусственный a)durable b)artificial c)secondary
6.доступность a)porosity b)strength c)available
7.недостаток a)disadvantage b)pier c)furnace
5.1.6 Find the English equivalents of the following Russian words
A. соединить; изменяться; гореть; нести; рифленое стекло; огнестойкий; связывать; вспомогательный; портиться; производный; легированная сталь; рассматривать
B. to burn; alloyed steel; to join; derivative; ribbed glass; auxiliary; fire-resistant; to consider; to decay; to fasten; to vary; to bear
5.1.7 Form all possible word-combinations
A. main B. material
artificial result
effective property
mechanical disadvantage
physical insulation
important strength
durable feature
5.1.8 Read the following word-combinations and translate them into
Russian
choice of materials; the most economical means; to meet several requirements;; to fasten together; to vary over considerable range; serious disadvantages; sound and heat insulation; weather resistant; interior finish of the buildings; to come into general use; flat glass; various organic derivatives; good insulating properties; to bind mansion units
5.2 There are different building materials. Read the words given below and find those which you associate with artificial building materials. (Try to give your reasons if possible)
Lime, wood, brick, cement, stone, steel, concrete, glass, gypsum, plastics
Read the text and find out if you were right or not. Be ready to do the exercises that follow it
Text 5 a
In the choice of materials for any work of construction, the civil engineer must be able to select and adapt such building materials that will give the most effective result by the most economical means, Materials that are used for structural purposes should meet several requirements. These requirements include availability, cost and physical properties of materials. In most cases it is important that they should be hard, durable, fire-resistant and easily fastened together.
All building materials are divided into three main groups:
Main building materials. They are used for bearing structures.
Cementing or binding materials. They are used for joining different planes.
Secondary and auxiliary materials. We used them for the interior finish of the buildings.
Buildings materials may also be classified into natural materials (sand, stone, lime, timber) and artificial materials (cement, concrete).
The most commonly used building materials are wood, stone, brick, steel and concrete. They all vary, sometimes over considerable ranges in the properties desired by the engineer.