College and University

Undergraduate College Junior College Four-Year College	Age 17-18-	Degree AA BA,BS	Length of time required 2 years 4-5 years
University Graduate School Graduate school Medical school Law school	21-	MA,MS PhD, LHD, Litt. D., DCL MD, DDS J0	2-3 years plus thesis 3 years plus thesis (dissertation) 4 years plus residency 3 years

Ukraine Exercises

Ex 1. Read the following numerals:

70%; 55%; 603.7; 1316; 893; 4558; 71000; 2/3; 1.1 mln; 1986.

Ex 2. Make up word combinations with the following words:

to be situated, to border on, to discover, to stretch, to be washed by, to recognize, to connect, to suffer, to exist.

Ex 3. Read the following poems and say what common is in both of them.

Ukraine

Blue sky and yellow field of grain

Is on the flag of my Ukraine.

Its emblem speaks to all the world

With freedom – such a lovely word.

Bread – salt will give to a friendly guest

Ukrainian people without request.

They work and sing the song of praise

To God who’s able from ash to raise.

Ukraine rejoices in the Lord

Reviving from His mighty word

Forever lives who’s born again

Long live and pray, my land Ukraine.

Yevgen Polishchuk

England

England. With all thy faults

I love thee stil,

I said at Calais, and have not forgot it.

I like the taxes, when they are not many;

I like a sea-coal fire, when not too dear,

I like a beef-steak, too, as well as any;

Have no objection to a pot of beer.

I like the weather when it is not rainy,

That is, I like two months of every year.

Breathes there a man with soul so dead,

Who never to himself hath said

This is my own, my native land.

Whose heart hath within him buried

As home footsteps he hath returned,

From wandering on a foreign strand?

George Gordon Byron

thy – (old use) your

thee – objective form of you

Ex 4. Read the text geographical situation of ukraine

Ukraine is a wondrous land of spectacular scenic beauty, a land of shady woods and rolling hills, glittering lakes and deep blue seas, soaring mountains and tranquil estuaries. The coun­try is richly endowed by nature, possessing such resources as coal in the Donetsk Basin in the southeast and in the Lviv-Volyn Basin in the west. There are large deposits of iron ore, manganese ore, chalk and limestone. Ukraine is also more than self-sufficient in a wide range of other minerals, includ­ing titanium, mercury, sulphur and salts, granite, bromine and kaolin. There are some more minerals discovered in recent years.

Ukraine is almost self-sufficient in coal, but most import three-quarters of its natural gas and 90% of its oil. The expan­sion of existing nuclear power facilities, arrested in the after­math of the Chemobyl nuclear disaster in 1986, is central to Ukraine's energy programme.

Ukraine is blessed with potentially rich agro and forestry land resources. About 70% of the national territory is in agri­cultural use and some 55% is under cultivation, two-thirds of it on the famed «black soil» (chernozem).

Ukraine is the second largest country in Europe and the 22nd in the world community. It's territory is 603.7 thousand sq.km and it stretches from the west to the east for 1,316 km and from the north to the south for 893 km. The geographi­cal centre of Europe is located near the little Ukrainian town of Rakhiv. Neighbouring Ukraine are the countries of Bielarus, Russia, Moldova, Poland, Hungary, Slovakia and Romania. Land boundaries are 4,558 km total. Being washed by the Black sea and the Sea of Azov in the south Ukraine has a coastline of 9,789 km.

There are 71,000 rivers and streams in Ukraine, the most important of these being the Dnipro, the Dnister, the Pivdenny Buh, the Prypyat and the Desna. The Dnipro is the major river in the country and the third longest one in Europe, with a total length of 2,285 km, 1,205 km running through the ter­ritory of Ukraine. The Danube connects Ukraine with seven European countries. The capital of Ukraine, Kyiv, and Cherkasy, Dnipropetrovsk, Zaporizhia and Kherson are situ­ated on the banks of the Dnipro.

The climate is pleasant and continental in nature. Only in the Crimea does a subtropical Mediterranian climate exist. The spring comes early; the summer is sunny, warm, dry and green. The Carpathian Mountains in the west (Mount Hover-la, 2,061 m being the highest) and the Crimean Mountains are extremely picturesque.

Largest cities of Ukraine are Kyiv — 3 mln (approx); Kharkiv — 1.6 mln; Dnipropetrovsk — 1.2 mln; Donetsk — 1.1 mln; Odessa — 1.1 mln.

The population of Ukraine is more than 52 mln people. It is the Motherland of representatives of more than 100 nation­alities, the Ukrainians making 75%. There are more than 46 mln Ukrainians in the world, out of which 6.8 mln make the Eastern Diaspora — such countries as Russia, Kasakhstan, Moldova, Bielarus. About 5 mln live in the countries of Europe, North and South America and Australia. The Ukrainian communities living abroad have always taken the joys, problems and sorrows of Ukraine close to their hearts. They have done their utmost since 1986 when Ukraine and its people suffered incalculable damage as a result of the Chernobyl accident. It was they who raised money and med­ications, equipment and clothes for the people who were exposed to radiation. Their concern and support were really invaluable.