- •Unit 1. Free enterprise entrepreneurship: on the upsurge
- •Is entrepreneurship for you?
- •Is owning a small business for me?
- •Unit 2. Choosing the right business and developing your financial plans how to choose your business
- •Three Basic Kinds of Business
- •How to develop your financial plans
- •The stages of a business
- •Unit 3. Building an import/export business twenty questions on importing and exporting
- •1. Why are you thinking of starting a business? What are your objectives?
- •2. What makes you think you will be successful?
- •3. Do you plan to import, export, or both?
- •4. Do you plan to work as a merchant, agent, broker, or some combination of the three?
- •5. When you start, will you be working full time or part time?
- •6. Who, if anyone, can help you with the work in the beginning?
- •7. Which type(s) of product(s) do you plan to trade?
- •8. What will be your sources of supply – countries and/or companies?
- •9. What is your target market?
- •14. Which national and/or foreign government regulations will concern you?
- •15. What will be your company name and form of organization?
- •16. What will you do for an office, office equipment, and supplies?
- •Are you right for the business?
- •Interest in and Knowledge of International Economics and Politics
- •How to start importing/exporting
- •Setting up your business
- •Imports: selecting products and supplies
- •Exports: what comes first, the product or the market?
- •Choosing target markets and finding customers
- •Importing for Stock
- •Unit 4. A short course in management concepts of management and organization
- •The single greatest mistake a manager can make
- •Six skills for new age executives
- •Mastering decision making What Does It Take to Be a Good Decision Maker?
- •The Japanese Decision-Making Style
- •Negotiating agreement without giving in
- •Hewlett-Packard*
- •McDonald's
- •Nine small-business management pitfalls*
- •Unit 5. The nature of marketing what is marketing?
- •Marketing functions
- •The marketing concept
- •Marketing research
- •The marketing mix
- •Consumer vs. Industrial goods
- •Steps in your marketing plan
- •Industry and market structures
- •U.S. Marketing in the future
- •Unit 6. How to do business with your potential partners china
- •Hong kong
- •Singapore
- •South korea
- •Australia
- •Appendix
U.S. Marketing in the future
The next 10 years promise to be significant ones for U.S. marketers as they try to anticipate trends and plan long-run strategies. During the coming decade, there will be consumer affluence, technological advances, worldwide markets, and deregulation, as well as resource instability, foreign competition, a stable U.S. market, and an uncertain economy.
There will be many demographic trends, including low population growth, an older society, movement to West and South regions, continued home ownership, regional mobility, higher real income, more working women, and increases in education, white-collar jobs, and single-person households*. Two-thirds of adults will be married.
Four newer life-style trends will continue: The me generation* stresses being good to oneself. There is less emphasis on obligations and conformity*. Voluntary simplicity is a life-style in which people seek material simplicity, have ecological awareness*, strive for self-reliance* and purchase do-it-yourself products*. Blurring gender roles* occurs when husbands work in the house, share the tasks of managing a household, and feed the family. The poverty-of-time concept* states that for some consumers greater affluence will result in less free time because the alternatives competing for time will expand.
During the decade, a number of environmental factors will affect marketing. The future competitive environment may be analyzed from domestic/foreign, small firm/large firm, generic, and channel perspectives. Government actions will be involved with deregulation, less antitrust involvement, and a lower level of consumer protection than in the 1960s and 1970s. The economy will be difficult to predict and will be influenced by outside factors. The major technological breakthroughs will center on* computerization and the resulting changes in consumer behavior and company strategies. Resource availability may hamper marketing and lead to research efforts aimed at finding acceptable substitutes. The media will offer a variety of positive and restrictive trends. Global events will strongly influence company opportunities and risks.
In order to succeed, marketers must develop strategies that are responsive to consumer trends and the changes in the surrounding environment. The level of marketing planning and research will continue to improve as newer tools, such as portfolio planning*, are used more frequently. Formal, systematic product strategies will be enacted with greater emphasis on comprehensive analysis. Companies need to identify growing and mature products* and react accordingly. Distribution strategy will take into account rising costs, and the evolving nature of retailing. Advertising strategy will be influenced by new video tools and higher television rates. Personal selling strategy will be affected by rising costs, telemarketing, and computerization. Price planning will carefully consider costs and offer consumers more alternatives, with greater interest in price bundling*.
the performance of business activities that direct the flow of goods and services – осуществление деятельности, которая направляет поток товаров и услуг
to range from ... to – начинается ... и заканчивается ...
and account for – зд. и составляют (о доле маркетинга в общих расходах)
The greater the benefits customers perceive, the more frequently they will trade – Чем больше выгоды получат покупатели, тем чаще они будут покупать
Provide variety of choice. – Обеспечить ассортимент.
benefit lies in the customer's perception, not in the vendor's – выгода зависит от отношения покупателей, а не продавцов
does not bear these criticisms out – не подтверждает такой критики
coming trends – будущие направления; тенденции
a fine art that may involve forecasting or predicting fashion trends – изящное искусство, которое включает прогнозирование и предсказание направлений развития моды
unconscious needs and wants – неосознанные нужды и потребности
the consumer desire to buy – желание клиента купить
shop-at-home services – выбор и покупка товаров по каталогам, присылаемым компанией на дом
Spokane – г. Спокан (на западе США)
What price policy will most maximize profits? – Какая ценовая политика даст максимальную прибыль?
census – перепись населения
mailed questionnaires – разосланные по почте анкеты
exerts great influence on management decisions – оказывает большое влияние на решение управленческих задач
price tags – ценники
that I am currently not reaching-кого я в данный момент не обеспечиваю the Pittsburg-based Aluminum Company of America – американская алюминиевая компания, находящаяся в Питтсбурге
Canadian offspring, Alcan of Montreal – канадская дочерняя компания, алюминиевая компания Алкан в Монреале
might well condemn a company to extinction – вполне может обречь компанию на гибель
through 1900 – до 1900 года
"carriage trade" – богатые клиенты
Rolls-Royce – Роллс-Ройс
the cachet of royalty – знак королевского достоинства
preferably titled ones – предпочтительно титулованные особы
riff-raff – низы общества
totally mass-produced – массового производства
British Leyland – британская автомобильная компания "Лейленд"
Peugeot – "Пежо"
Chrysler – "Крайслер"
have become more or less marginal – стали в большей или меньшей степени второстепенными
Volvo, BMW, and Porsche – Вольво, БМВ и Порше
"shakeout" – резкое изменение биржевой конъюнктуры и вызванная паникой распродажа акций
sturdy and radiating common sense and "better value" – прочный, свидетельствующий о здравом смысле владельца и стоящий потраченных денег
"young comers" – молодая смена; преуспевающая молодежь
unashamedly a luxury car for the well-to-do – без ложной скромности роскошная машина для обеспеченных
it appeals to those among the affluent who want to appear "nonestablishment'' – она нравится тем из людей с хорошим достатком, которые хотят казаться неконформистами
muy macho (исп.) – зд. мощная машина
bills itself as the ultimate driving machine – заявила о себе как о совершенном движущемся механизме
The British MG – британский "Эм-Джи"
the sports car par excellence – спортивная машина высшего качества
Citroen – Ситроен
a staff car for officers – штабная машина для офицеров
Fiat – Фиат
Alfa Romeos and Landas – Альфа Ромео и Лянчиа
German Fords – немецкие форды
G.M. cars, Fords, and Chryslers – машины компании "Дженерал Моторс", "Форды" и "Крайслеры"
a strong contender for the number one spot in Europe – сильный претендент на первое место по производству машин в Европе
ducked instead of deciding – уклонились от принятия решения
frittered away its resources on make-believe – растратили свои ресурсы по мелочам, чтобы создать видимость
also-rans – зд. горе-компании (разорившиеся конкуренты)
the day of reckoning – час расплаты
single-person household – семья из одного человека
The me generation – Поколение, сосредоточенное на себе, на удовлетворении своих желаний
less emphasis on obligations and conformity – меньше уделяется внимания выполнению обязанностей и необходимости подчиняться
ecological awareness – внимание к вопросам экологии
self-reliance – стремление полагаться на себя
Blurring gender roles – Смешение мужских и женских ролей
the poverty-of-time concept – концепция недостатка времени
The major technological breakthroughs will center on – Основные технические достижения будут сосредоточены в области
portfolio planning – планирование портфеля
with greater interest in price bundling – большая заинтересованность в наборе ряда цен
